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First published 2022 by Cornell University Press

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Names: Maskiell, Nicole Saffold, 1980– author.

Title: Bound by bondage : slavery and the creation of a northern gentry / Nicole Saffold Maskiell.

Description: Ithaca [New York] : Cornell University Press, 2022. | Includes bibliographical references and index.

Identifiers: LCCN 2021051818 (print) | LCCN 2021051819 (ebook) | ISBN 9781501764240 (hardcover) | ISBN 9781501764257 (pdf) | ISBN 9781501764264 (epub)

Subjects: LCSH: Slavery—Northeastern States—History—17th century. | Slavery—Northeastern States—History—18th century. | Slaveholders—Northeastern States—Social conditions—17th century. | Slaveholders—Northeastern States—Social conditions—18th century. | Slave trade—Social aspects—Northeastern States—History—17th century. | Slave trade—Social aspects—Northeastern States—History—18th century. | Slaves—Northeastern States—Social conditions—17th century. | Slaves—Northeastern States—Social conditions—18th century. | Blacks—Northeastern States—Social conditions—17th century. | Blacks—Northeastern States—Social conditions—18th century. | Elite (Social sciences)—Northeastern States—History—17th century. | Elite (Social sciences)—Northeastern States—History—18th century. | Northeastern States—Social conditions—17th century. | Northeastern States—Social conditions—18th century. | Northeastern States—Race relations—History—17th century. | Northeastern States—Race relations—History—18th century.

Classification: LCC E446 .M393 2022 (print) | LCC E446 (ebook) | DDC 306.3/620974—dc23/eng/20211122

LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021051818

LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021051819

Jacket image: Boy of the Van Rensselaer Family and Servant, c. 1730, attributed to John Heaton. Albany, NY.