BIBLIOGRAPHY
Archives
Albany County Hall of Records, Albany
Albany Institute of History and Art (AIHA), Albany
Brooklyn Historical Society (BHS), New York
Collegiate Church Records, New York
Flatbush Church Records, New York
Gilder Lehrman Collection (GLC), New York
Historic Huguenot Street, New Paltz, NY
International Institute of Social History (IISG), Amsterdam
Jacob Leisler Institute, Hudson, New York
Nationaal Archief (Nat. Arch.), The Hague, The Netherlands
New York City Municipal Archives (NYCMA)
New-York Historical Society (N-YHS), New York
New York Public Library (NYPL), New York
New York State Archives (NYSA), Albany
New York State Library (NYSL), Albany
Reformed Church of America Archives (RCA), New Brunswick, NJ
Reformed Church of New Paltz Records, New Paltz, NY
Stadsarchief Amsterdam (SAA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Ulster County Clerk, Archives Division, Kingston, NY
Published Primary Sources
- Abstract of the Returns of the Fifth Census, showing the number of free people, the number of slaves, the Federal or Representative Number; and the Aggregate of Each County of Each State of the United States. Prepared from the corrected returns of the Secretary of Congress, By the Clerk of the House of Representatives. Washington, DC: Duff Green, 1832.
- The Acts and Proceedings of the General Synod of the Reformed Dutch Church, in North America at Albany, June 1823. New York: Abraham Paul, 1823.
- The Acts and Proceedings of the General Synod, of the Reformed Dutch Church, in North America at New York, June 1816. Albany: Websters and Skinners, 1816.
- The Acts and Proceedings of the particular Synod of Albany, Convened in the city of Albany, May 19, 1824. Albany: Printed at the office of the Daily Advertiser, 1824.
- “Albany Fifty Years Ago.” Harper’s Magazine. March 1857.
- Anjou, Gustave, ed. Ulster County, New York, Probate Records in the Office of the Surrogate, and in the County Clerk’s Office At Kingston, N.Y.: A Careful Abstract and Translation of the Dutch and English Wills. Vol. 1. Rhinebeck, NY: Palatine Transcripts, 1980.
- Architects’ Emergency Committee. Great Georgian Houses of America. New York: Dover, 1970.
- Barbot, Jean. Barbot on Guinea: The Writings of Jean Barbot on West Africa 1678–1712. Edited by P. E. H. Hair, Adam Jones, and Robin Law. 2 vols. London: Hakluyt Society, 1992.
- Bosman, Willem. Nauwkeurige Beschryving Van De Guinese Goud-Tand-En Slavekust. Utrecht: Anthony Schouten, 1704.
- Brown, William J. The life of William J. Brown, of Providence, R.I.: with personal recollections of incidents in Rhode Island. Freeport, N Y: Books for Libraries, 1971.
- Capitein, Jacobus Elisa Johannes. The Agony of Asar: A Thesis on Slavery by the Former Slave, Jacobus Elisa Johannes Capitein, 1717–1747. Edited and translated by Grant Parker. Princeton, NJ: Markus Wiener, 1999.
- Carli, Dionigi de, and R.R.F.F. Michele Angelo Guattini. “A Curious and Exact Account of a Voyage to Congo, in the years 1666 and 1667, By the R.R.F. Michael Angelo of Cattina, and Denis De Carli of Piacenza, Capuchins, and Apostolic Missioners into the said Kingdom of Congo.” In A General Collection of the Best and Most Interesting Voyages and Travels in All Parts of the World; Many of which are now first Translated into English. Edited by John Pinkerton. London: Longman, 1814.
- Cavazzi, Giovanni Antonio. “Missione evagelica nel Regno de Congo.” Central African History (blog). Translated by John K. Thornton, http://
centralafricanhistory .blogspot .com /2008 /08 /book -i -chapter -3 .html. - Clinton, George. Public Papers of George Clinton: First Governor of New York, 1777–1795 1801–1804. Albany: Oliver A. Quayle State Legislature Printer, 1904.
- Compendium of the Enumeration of the Inhabitants and Statistics of the United States, as obtained at the Department of State, from the returns of the sixth census, by counties and principal towns exhibiting the population, wealth, and resources of the country. Washington, DC: Printed by Thomas Allen, 1841.
- Cooper, James Fenimore. Satanstoe; Or, the Family of Littlepage: A Tale of the Colony. New York: Burgess, Stringer, 1845.
- Corwin, E. T. A Digest of Constitutional and Synodical Legislation of the Reformed Church in America: Formerly the Ref. Prot. Dutch Church. New York: Board of Publication of the Reformed Church in America, 1906.
- Corwin, Edward T., trans. and ed. Ecclesiastical Records: State of New York. 7 vols. Albany: J. B. Lyon, state printer, 1901–1916.
- Coventry, Alexander. Memoirs of an Emigrant: The Journal of Alexander Coventry, M.D.; in Scotland, the United States and Canada during the Period 1783–1831. Albany: Albany Institute of History and Art and the New York State Library, 1978.
- Damhouder, Joost. Practycke in Civile Saecken, seer nut/profijtelijck ende nodigh allen Schouten, Borghemeesteren Magistraten ende andere Rechteren. ‘s Gravenhage: Ordinaris Druckers vande Ho.Mo. Heeren Staten Generael, 1626.
- Danckaerts, Jasper. Journal of Jasper Danckaerts, 1679–1680. New York: C. Scribner’s Sons, 1913.
- Dapper, Olfert. Naukeurige Beschrijvinge der Afrikaensche Gewesten. Amsterdam: Jacob van Meurs, 1668.
- Douglass, Frederick. My Bondage and My Freedom. New York: Miller, Orton & Co., 1857.
- Douglass, Frederick. Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave. Boston: Published at the Anti-Slavery Office, 1845.
- Dubois, Sylvia, and C. W. Larison. Sylvia Dubois, a Biography of the Slav Who Whipt Her Mistres and Gand Her Freedom. Edited by Jared C. Lobdell. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988.
- Duermeyer, Louis, ed. Records of the Reformed Dutch Church of Albany, New York, 1683–1809. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1978.
- Dunlap, William. Diary of William Dunlap, 1766–1839; the Memoirs of a Dramatist, Theatrical Manager, Painter, Critic, Novelist, and Historian. Edited by Dorothy C. Barck. New York: C. Scribner’s Sons, 1913.
- Durell, William, ed. The Constitution of the Reformed Dutch Church in the United States of America. New York: William Durell, 1793.
- Evans, Thomas Grier ed. Records of the Reformed Dutch Church in New Amsterdam and New York: Baptisms from 25 December, 1639, To 27 December, 1730. New York: Printed for the Society, 1901.
- Gasero, Russell L., ed. Historical Directory of the Reformed Church in America 1628–2000. Grand Rapids, MI: Wm. B. Eerdmans, 2001.
- Gehring, Charles T., trans. and ed. Correspondence, 1647–1653. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 2000.
- Gehring, Charles T., trans. and ed. Correspondence 1654–1658. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 2003.
- Gehring, Charles T., ed. Council Minutes, 1652–1654. Baltimore: Genealogical Pub. Co., 1983.
- Gehring, Charles T., ed. Council Minutes, 1655–1656. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 1995.
- Gehring, Charles T., trans. and ed. Curaçao Papers 1640–1665. Albany: New Netherland Research Center and the New Netherland Institute, 2011.
- Gehring, Charles T. “The Dutch Language in Colonial New York: An Investigation of a Language in Decline and Its Relationship to Social Change.” PhD diss., Indiana University Press, 1973.
- Gehring, Charles T., trans. and ed. Minutes of the Court of Fort Orange and Beverwijck, 1652–1660. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 1990.
- Grant, Anne MacVicar. Memoirs of an American Lady, With Sketches of Manners and Scenery in America. New York: D. Appleton, 1846.
- Hastings, Hugh, et al., eds. Ecclesiastical Records, State of New York. Vol. 1. Albany: James B. Lyon, State Printer, 1901.
- Heads of Families at the First Census of the United States taken in the Year 1790: New York. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office, 1908.
- Hodges, Graham Russell. Black Itinerants of the Gospel: The Narratives of John Jea and George White. Madison, WI: Madison House Publishers, 1993.
- Hodges, Graham Russell. “Pretends to Be Free”: Runaway Slave Advertisements from Colonial and Revolutionary New York and New Jersey. New York: Garland, 1994.
- Hoes, Roswell Randall, ed. and trans. Baptismal and Marriage Registers of the Dutch Church of Kingston, Ulster County, New York, 1660–1809. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1980.
- Horsmanden, Daniel. The New York Conspiracy. Boston: Beacon, 1971.
- Inventory of the Church Archives in New York City: Reformed Church in America. New York: Historical Records Survey, 1939.
- Jacobs, Harriet. Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl. Garden City, NY: Dover, 2001.
- Jameson, J. Franklin, ed. Narratives of New Netherland, 1609–1664. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1909.
- Jogues, Isaac. “Novum Belgium.” In Narratives of New Netherland. Edited by Franklin J. Jameson. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1909.
- Kalm, Pehr. Travels into North America; containing its natural history, and a circumstantial account of its plantations and agriculture in general, with the civil, ecclesiastical and commercial state of the country, the manners of the inhabitants, and several curious and important remarks on various subjects. Translated by Johann Reinhold Forster. London: The editor, 1770–1771.
- Laan, K. ter. Folkloristisch Woordenboek Van Nederland En Vlaams België. ‘s Gravenhage: GB van Goor Zonen, 1949.
- Laer, A. J. van, trans. and ed. Correspondence of Jeremias Van Rensselaer. Albany: University of the State of New York Press, 1932.
- Laer, A. J. van, trans. and ed. Council Minutes 1638–1649 (New York Historical Manucripts: Dutch, vol. 4). Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1974.
- Laer, A. J. van, trans. and ed. Minutes of the Court of Rensselaerswyck, 1648–1652. Albany: University of the State of New York, 1922.
- Laer, A. J. van., trans. and ed. Register of the Provincial Secretary, 1638–1642 (New York Historical Manucripts: Dutch, vol. 1). Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1974.
- Laer, A. J. van, trans. and ed. Register of the Provincial Secretary, 1642–1647 (New York Historical Manucripts: Dutch, vol. 2). Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1974.
- Laer, A. J. van, trans. and ed. Register of the Provincial Secretary, 1648–1660 (New York Historical Manucripts: Dutch, vol. 3). Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1974.
- Laet, Johannes de. Historie ofte Iaerlijck Verhael van de Verrichtinghen der Geoctroyeerde West-Indische Compagnie, Zedert haer Begin/ tot het eynde van ‘t jaer sesthien-hondert ses-en-dertich. Leiden: Bonaventuer ende Abraham Elsevier, 1644.
- Lincoln, Charles Zebina, William H. Johnson, and Ansel Judd Northrup, eds. The Colonial Laws of New York from the year 1664 to the Revolution, Including the Charters to the Duke of York, the Commission and Instructions to Colonial Governors, the Dukes Laws, the Laws of the Donagan and Leisler Assemblies, the Charters of Albany and New York and the Acts of the Colonial Legislature from 1691 to 1775. Vols. 1–3. Minneapolis: J. B. Lyon, State Printer, 1894.
- Mellick, Andrew D. The story of an old farm; or, life in New Jersey. Somerville, NJ: Unionist Gazette, 1889.
- Munsell, J. Collections on the history of Albany: from its discovery to the present time; with notices of its public institutions, and biographical sketches of citizens deceased. Albany: J. Munsell, 1865–81.
- O’Callaghan, Edmund Bailey. Census of Slaves, 1755. New York, 1850.
- O’Callaghan, Edmund Bailey, ed. Documentary History of the State of New York (1849–1851). Albany: Weed, Parsons & Co., Public Printers, 1849.
- O’Callaghan, Edmund Bailey. History of New Netherland; or, New York Under the Dutch. Vol. 1. New York: D. Appleton, 1846.
- O’Callaghan, Edmund Bailey, trans. and ed. Laws and Ordinances of New Netherland, 1638–1674. Albany: Weed, Parsons and Company, printers and stereotypers, 1868.
- O’Callaghan, Edmund Bailey, trans. and ed. Voyages of the slavers St. John and Arms of Amsterdam, 1659, 1663: together with additional papers illustrative of the slave trade under the Dutch. Albany: J. Munsell, 1867.
- O’Callaghan, Edmund Bailey, and Berthold Fernow, trans. and ed. Documents Relative to the Colonial History of the State of New-York: new ser., v. 2. Documents relating to the history and settlements of the towns along the Hudson and Mohawk Rivers (with the exception of Albany), from 1630 to 1684. Albany: Weed & Parsons, 1881.
- O’Callaghan, Edmund Bailey, trans., Berthold Fernow, ed. The Records of New Amsterdam from 1653 to 1674 Anno Domini. New York: Knickerbocker, 1897.
- O’Callaghan, Edmund Bailey, trans., Kenneth Scott, and Kenn Stryker-Rodda, eds. The Register of Salomon Lachaire, Notary Public of New Amsterdam, 1661–1662. Translated from the original Dutch Manuscript in the Office of the Clerk of the Common Council of New York (New York Historical Manuscripts: Dutch). Baltimore, 1978.
- Oldendorp, C. G. A., and Gudrun Meier, eds. Historie Der Caribischen Inseln Sanct Thomas, Sanct Crux Und Sanct Jan: Insbesondere Der Dasigen Neger Und Der Mission De Evangelischen Brüder Unter Denselben. Berlin: VWB, Verlag für Wissenschaft und Bildung, 2000.
- Osgood, Herbert L., et al., eds. Minutes of the Common Council of the City of New York, 1675–1776. New York: Dodd, Mead, 1905.
- Pearce, Cato. Jailed for Preaching: The Autobiography of Cato Pearce, a freed slave from Washington County, Rhode Island. Kingstown, RI: Pettaquamscutt Historical Society, 2006.
- Pearson, Jonathan, A.J.F. van Laer, trans. and ed., Early Records of the City and County of Albany and Colony of Rensselaerswyck, vol. 4. Albany: University of the State of New York, 1919.
- Pleat, Geraldine R., and Agnes N. Underwood. “Pinkster Ode, Albany, 1803.” New York Folklore Quarterly 8, no. 1 (Spring 1952): 31–45.
- Proceedings of the General Court of Assizes held in the City of New York, October 6, 1680, to October 6, 1682. New York: New-York Historical Society, 1913.
- Records of the Reformed Dutch Church of Albany, New York, 1683–1809. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1978.
- Scott, Kenneth, ed. New York City Court Records, 1684–1760: Genealogical Data from the Court of Quarter Sessions. Washington, DC: National Genealogical Society, 1982.
- Scott, Kenneth. “Ulster County, New York, Court Records, 1693–1775.” National Genealogical Society Quarterly 60, no. 4 (December 1972): 276–285.
- Scott, Kenneth. “Ulster County, New York, Court Records, 1693–1775.” National Genealogical Society Quarterly 61, no. 1 (1973): 60-68.
- Stessin-Cohn, Susan, and Ashley Hurlburt-Biagini, eds. In Defiance: Runaways from Slavery in New York’s Hudson River Valley, 1735–1831. Delmar: Black Dome Press, 2016.
- Strickland, William. Journal of a Tour in the United States of America, 1794–1795. New York: New-York Historical Society, 1971.
- Struys, Jan Janszoon. Drie aanmerkelijke en seer rampspoedige Reysen door Italien, Griekenlandt, Lijslandt, Mascovien, Tartarijen, Meden, Persien, Oost-Indien, Japan, en verscheyden andere Gewesten. Amsterdam: Jacob van Meurs, 1676.
- Sypher, Francis J., Jr., ed. and trans. Liber A of the Collegiate Churches of New York, part 1. Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans, 2009.
- Sypher, Francis J., Jr., ed. and trans. Liber A of the Collegiate Churches of New York, part 2. Grand Rapids, MI: William B. Eerdmans, 2015.
- “The Ten Broeck Mansion Existing Conditions Report.” Compiled for the Albany County Historical Association, 2015.
- Truth, Sojourner. Narrative of Sojourner Truth. Mineola: Dover, 1999.
- Versteeg, Dingman, trans., Peter R. Christoph, Kenneth Scott, and Kenn Stryker-Rodda, eds. Records of the Reformed Dutch Church of New Paltz, New York: Containing an account of the organization of the church and the registers of the Consistories, members, marriages, and baptisms. Baltimore: Genealogical Publishing Co., 1977.
- Vosburgh, Royden Woodward, ed. Records of the Reformed Protestant Dutch Church of Caughnawaga, now the Reformed Church of Fonda, in the village of Fonda, Montgomery County, N.Y. / transcribed by the New York Genealogical and Biographical Society. New York: [s.n.], 1917.
- Voyages database, 2013. Voyages: The Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Database. http://
www .slavevoyages .org. - Wassenaer, Nicolaes van. “Historisch Verhael.” In Narratives of New Netherland, 1609–1664, edited by J. Franklin Jameson. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1909.
- Wassenaer, Nicolaes van. Historisch verhael aldaer ghedenck-weerdichste geschienidenisse, die vanden beginner des jaers 1621 (tot 1932) voorgevallens yn (Amsterdam, 1622–1635).
Secondary Sources
- Adams, Julia. The Familial State: Ruling Families and Merchant Capitalism in Early Modern Europe. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2005.
- Alexander, Robert S. Albany’s First Church and Its Role in the Growth of the City. Delmar, NY: Newgraphics Printers, 1988.
- Allen, Richard B. “Satisfying the ‘Want for Labouring People’: European Slave Trading in the Indian Ocean, 1500–1850.” Journal of World History 21, no. 1 (2010): 45–73. https://
doi .org /10 .1353 /jwh .0 .0100. - Anderson, Elijah. “Cosmopolitan Canopy.” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science 595 (September 2004): 14–31. https://
doi .org /10 .1177 /0002716204266833. - Anderson, Elijah. “The White Space.” Sociology of Race and Ethnicity 1, no. 1 (2015): 10–21. https://
doi .org /10 .1177 /2332649214561306. - Anderson, Lisa. “Update on the Schuyler Flatts Burial Ground.” Legacy: The Magazine of the New York State Museum 5, no. 1 (Summer 2009): 9.
- Andrade, Tonio. How Taiwan Became Chinese: Dutch, Spanish, and Han Colonization in the Seventeenth Century. New York: Columbia University Press, 2008 [Gutenberg-e].
- Andrade, Tonio. “The Rise and Fall of Dutch Taiwan, 1624–1662: Cooperative Colonization and the Statist Model of European Expansion.” Journal of World History 17, no. 4 (December 2006): 429–450. https://
doi .org /10 .1353 /jwh .2006 .0052. - Antunes, Cátia. “From Binary Narratives to Diversified Tales: Changing the Paradigm in the Study of Dutch Colonial Participation.” TVGESCH 131, no. 3 (2018): 393–407. https://
doi .org /110 .5117 /TVGESCH2018 .3 .001 .ANTU. - Apeldoorn, L. J. van. Geschiedenis van het Nederlandsche Huwelijksrecht voor de invoering van de Fransche wetgeving. Amsterdam: Uitgeversmaatschappij Holland, 1925.
- Armstead, Myra B. Young, ed. Mighty Change, Tall Within: Black Identity in the Hudson Valley. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2003.
- Bakker, G. Murray. “Iets over de stichters van Nieuw-Nederland en hunne afstammelingen.” Eigen Haard, no. 32 (1888).
- Balandier, Georges. Daily Life in the Kingdom of the Kongo: From the Sixteenth to the Eighteenth Century. New York: Pantheon Books, 1968.
- Balmar, Randall H. A Perfect Babel of Confusion: Dutch Religion and English Culture in the Middle Colonies. New York: Oxford University Press, 1989.
- Bankoff, H. Arthur, Christopher Ricciardi, and Alyssa Loorya. “Remembering Africa under the Eaves.” Archeology 54, no. 3 (May–June 2001): 36–40. https://
jstor .org /stable /i40083354. - Bankoff, H. Arthur, and Frederick A. Winter. “The Archeology of Slavery at the Van Cortlandt Plantation in the Bronx, New York.” International Journal of Historical Archeology 9, no. 4 (December 2005): 291–318. https://
doi .org /10 .1007 /s10761 -005 -9302 -5. - Baptist, Edward E. The Half Has Never Been Told: Slavery and the Making of American Capitalism. New York: Basic Books, 2014.
- Beasley, Nicholas. Christian Ritual and the Creation of British Slave Societies. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2009.
- Belmessous, Saliha, ed. Native Claims: Indigenous Law against Empire, 1500–1920. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012.
- Benes, Peter. “The New England Meetinghouse: An Atlantic Perspective.” In Building the British Atlantic World: Spaces, Places, and Material Culture, edited by Daniel Maudlin and Bernard L. Herman, 119–141. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2016.
- Benes, Peter, and Philip D. Zimmerman. New England Meeting House and Church: 1630–1850. A Loan Exhibition Held at the Currier Gallery of Art, Manchester, New Hampshire. Boston: Boston University Scholarly Publications, 1979.
- Benton, Lauren. Law and Colonial Cultures: Legal Regimes in World History, 1400–1900. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001.
- Benton, Lauren, and Richard Ross, eds. Legal Pluralism and Empires, 1500–1850. New York: New York University Press, 2013.
- Berlin, Ira. “From Creole to African: Atlantic Creoles and the Origins of African-American Society in Mainland North America.” William and Mary Quarterly 53, no. 2 (1996): 251–288. https://
doi .org /102307 /2947401. - Berlin, Ira. Generations of Captivity: A History of African-American Slaves. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, 2003.
- Berlin, Ira. Many Thousands Gone: The First Two Centuries of Slavery in North America. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, 1998.
- Berlin, Ira, and Leslie Harris, eds. Slavery in New York. New York: New Press, 2005.
- Berry, Daina Ramey. The Price for Their Pound of Flesh: The Value of the Enslaved, from Womb to Grave, in the Building of a Nation. Boston: Beacon, 2017.
- Birmingham, David. Trade and Conflict in Angola: The Mbundu and Their Neighbours under the Influence of the Portuguese, 1483–1790. Oxford: Clarendon, 1966.
- Blackburn, Roderic H. Dutch Colonial Homes in America. New York: Rizzoli International Publications, 2002.
- Blackburn, Roderic H., and Ruth Piwonka. Remembrance of Patria: Dutch Arts and Culture in Colonial America, 1609–1776. Albany: Albany Institute of History and Art, 1988.
- Block, Sharon. “Lines of Color, Sex, and Service: Comparative Sexual Coercion in Early America.” In Sex, Love, Race: Crossing Boundaries in North American History, edited by Martha Hodes, 141–163. New York: New York University Press, 1999.
- Block, Sharon, and Kathleen M. Brown. “Clio in Search of Eros: Redefining Sexualities in Early America.” William and Mary Quarterly 60, no. 1 (January 2003): 5–12. https://
doi .org /10 .2307 /3491493. - Blussé, Leonard. “Batavia: 1619–1740: The Rise and Fall of a Chinese Colonial Town.” Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 12, no. 1 (March 1981): 159–178.
- Boles, Richard J. “Dividing the Faith: The Rise of Racially Segregated Northern Churches, 1730–1850.” PhD diss., George Washington University, 2013.
- Bonomi, Patricia U. “ ‘Swarms of Negroes Comeing about My Door’: Black Christianity in Early Dutch and English North America.” Journal of American History 103, no. 1 (June 2016): 34–58. https://
doi .org /10 .1093 /jahist /jaw007. - Bonomi, Patricia U. Under the Cope of Heaven: Religion, Society, and Politics in Colonial America. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003 [Updated Edition].
- Boogaart, Ernst van den. “The Servant Migration to New Netherland, 1624–1664.” In Colonialism and Migration; Indentured Labour before and after Slavery, edited by P. C. Emmer, 67–97. Dordrecht: Martinus Nijhoff, 1986.
- Boogaart, Ernst van den. “The Trade between Western Africa and the Atlantic World, 1600–90: Estimates of Trends in Composition and Value.” Journal of African History 33, no. 2 (November 1992): 369–385.
- Boogaart, Ernst van den, and Pieter Emmer. The Dutch Participation in the Atlantic Slave Trade. Leiden: Centre for the History of European Expansion, 1979.
- Brandon, Pepijn, and Karwan Fatah-Black. “ ‘For the Reputation and Respectability of the State’: Trade, the Imperial State, Unfree Labor, and Empire in the Dutch Atlantic.” In Building the Atlantic Empires: Unfree Labor and Imperial States in the Political Economy of Capitalism, ca. 1500–1914, edited by John Donoghue and Evelyn Jennings, 84–108. Leiden: Brill, 2016.
- Brooks, Lisa. The Common Pot: The Recovery of Native Space in the Northeast. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2008.
- Brown, Kathleen M. Good Wives, Nasty Wenches, and Anxious Patriarchs: Gender, Race, and Power in Colonial Virginia. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996.
- Brown, Vincent. “Slave Revolt in Jamaica, 1760–1761: A Cartographic Narrative.” http://
revolt .axismaps .com /project .html. - Brown, Vincent. Tacky’s Revolt: The Story of an Atlantic Slave War. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, 2020.
- Buggeln, Gretchen Townsend. Temples of Grace: The Material Transformation of Connecticut’s Churches, 1790–1840. Hanover, NH: University Press of New England, 2003.
- Bulthuis, Kyle T. Four Steeples over the City Streets: Religion and Society in New York’s Early Republic Congregations. New York: New York University Press, 2014.
- Burke, Peter. Popular Culture in Early Modern Europe. New York: New York University Press, 1978.
- Camp, Stephanie. Closer to Freedom: Enslaved Women & Everyday Resistance in the Plantation South. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2004.
- Cantwell, Anne-Marie, and Diana diZerega Wall. Unearthing Gotham: The Archeology of New York City. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2001.
- Carlo, Paula Wheeler. Huguenot Refugees in Colonial New York: Becoming American in the Hudson Valley. Brighton: Sussex Academic Press, 2005.
- Carson, Cary. “Doing History with Material Culture.” In Material Culture and the Study of American Life, edited by Ian M. G. Quimby, 41–64. New York: W. W. Norton, 1978.
- Certeau, Michel de. The Practice of Everyday Life. Translated by Steven Rendall. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984.
- Chan, Alexandra. Slavery in the Age of Reason: Archeology at a New England Farm. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 2007.
- Christoph, Peter. “The Freedmen of New Amsterdam.” In A Beautiful and Fruitful Place: Selected Rensselaerswijck Seminar Papers, edited by N. A. McClure Zeller, 157–170. N.p.: 1991.
- Clark-Pujara, Christy. Dark Work: The Business of Slavery in Rhode Island. New York: New York University Press, 2016.
- Clinton, Catherine. “ ‘Southern Dishonor’: Flesh, Blood, Race, and Bondage.” In In Joy and In Sorrow: Women, Family, and Marriage in the Victorian South, 1830–1900, edited by Carol Bleser, 52–68. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991.
- Clulow, Adam. Amboina, 1623: Fear and Conspiracy on the Edge of Empire. New York: Columbia University Press, 2019.
- Clulow, Adam. “The Art of Claiming: Possession and Resistance in Early Modern Asia.” American Historical Review 121, no. 1 (February 2016): 17–38. https://
doi .org /10 .1093 /ahr /121 .1 .17. - Cohen, David S. The Ramapo Mountain People. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1986.
- Cohen, David Steven. The Dutch-American Farm. New York: New York University Press, 1993.
- Cohen, David Steven. “In Search of Carolus Africanus Rex: Afro-Dutch Folklore in New York and New Jersey.” Journal of Afro-American Historical and Genealogical Society 5 (Fall & Winter 1984): 147–162.
- Coster, Will. “A Microcosm of Community: Burial, Space and Society in Chester, 1598 to 1633.” In Sacred Space in Early Modern Europe, edited by Will Coster and Andrew Spicer, 124–143. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
- Coster, Will, and Andrew Spicer. “Introduction: Dimensions of Sacred Space in Reformation Europe.” In Sacred Space in Early Modern Europe, edited by Will Coster and Andrew Spicer, 1–16. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
- Coster, Will, and Andrew Spicer, eds. Sacred Space in Early Modern Europe. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
- Covart, Elizabeth. “Collision on the Hudson: Identity, Migration, and the Improvement of Albany, New York, 1730–1830.” PhD diss., University of California, Davis, 2011.
- Cowling, Camillia. Conceiving Freedom: Women of Color, Gender, and the Abolition of Slavery in Havana and Rio de Janeiro. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2013.
- Cowling, Camillia. “Gendered Geographies: Motherhood, Slavery, Law, and Space in Mid-Nineteenth-Century Cuba.” Women’s History Review 27, no. 6 (2018): 939–953. https://
doi .org /10 .1080 /09612025 .2017 .1336845. - Cronon, William. Changes in the Land: Colonists and the Ecology of New England. New York: Hill & Yang, 1983.
- Crum, F. S. “A Century of Population Growth, 1790–1900 (1909).” In Publications of the American Statistical Association 12, no. 92 (1910): 376–379.
- Cummings, Abbott Lowell. The Framed Houses of Massachusetts Bay, 1625–1725. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1979.
- Dantzig, Albert van. Het Nederlandse aandeel in de slavenhandel. Bussum: Fibula-van Dishoeck, 1968.
- Davidson, James M. “Rituals Captured in Context and Time: Charm Use in North Dallas Freedman’s Town (1869–1907).” Historical Archeology 38, no. 2 (2004): 22–54. https://
doi .org /10 .1007 /BF03376641. - Davis, Natalie Zemon. Society and Culture in Early Modern France. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1975.
- Davis, Thomas J. “These Enemies within Their Own Household: A Note on the Troublesome Slave Population in Eighteenth-Century New York City.” Journal of the Afro American Historical and Genealogical Society 5, nos. 3 & 4 (Fall and Winter 1984): 133–157.
- DeBoer, Warren R. “Subterranean Storage and the Organization of Surplus: The View from Eastern North America.” Southeastern Archeology 7 (1988): 1–20. https://
jstor .org /stable /40712860. - Deetz, James. Flowerdew Hundred: The Archeology of a Virginia Plantation. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1993.
- Deetz, James. In Small Things Forgotten: An Archeology of Early American Life. New York: Doubleday Dell, 1996.
- De Jong, Gerald F. “The Dutch Reformed Church and Negro Slavery in Colonial America.” Church History 4, no. 4 (1971): 423–436.
- De Jong, Gerald F. The Dutch Reformed Church in the American Colonies. Grand Rapids. MI: Eerdmans, 1978.
- Delle, James A. An Archeology of Social Space: Analyzing Coffee Plantations in Jamaica’s Blue Mountains. New York: Plenum, 1998.
- Demarest, David D. The Reformed Church in America: Its Origin, Development and Characteristics. New York: Board of Publication of the Reformed Church in America, 1889.
- Deursen, A. Th. van. Mensen van Klein Vermogen: Het Kopergeld van de Gouden Eeuw. Amsterdam: Prometheus, 1999.
- Dewulf, Jeroen. “Emulating a Portuguese Model: The Slave Policy of the West India Company and the Dutch Reformed Church in Dutch Brazil (1630–1654) and New Netherland (1614–1664) in Comparative Perspective.” Journal of Early American History 4 (2014): 3–36. https://
doi .org /10 .1163 /18770703 -00401006. - Dewulf, Jeroen. The Pinkster King and the King of Kongo: The Forgotten History of America’s Dutch-Owned Slaves. Jackson: University Press of Mississippi, 2016.
- Dewulf, Jeroen. “ ‘A Strong Barbaric Accent’: America’s Dutch-Speaking Black Community from Seventeenth-Century New Netherland to Nineteenth-Century New York and New Jersey.” American Speech 90, no. 2 (May 2015): 131–153. https://
doi .org /10 .1215 /00031283 -3130302. - Diamond, Joseph E. “Owned in Life, Owned in Death: The Pine Street African and African American Burial Ground in Kingston, New York.” Northeast Historical Archeology 25, no. 1, art. 6 (2006): 47–62. https://
doi .org /10 .22191 /neha /vol35 /iss1 /22. - Dillon, Elizabeth Maddock. “A Sea of Texts: The Atlantic World, Spatial Mapping, and Equiano’s Narrative.” In Religion, Space, and the Atlantic World, edited by John Corrigan, 25–54. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2017.
- Dolan, Frances E. “Gender and the ‘Lost’ Spaces of Catholicism.” Journal of Interdisciplinary History 32, no. 4 (Spring 2002): 641–665. https://
www .jstor .org /stable /3656149. - Doolittle, T. S. “The Architecture of the Reformed Church.” In A Manual of the Reformed Church in America: Formerly Ref. Prot. Dutch Church, 1628–1902, edited by Edward Tanjore Corwin, 152–160. New York: Reformed Church in America, 1879.
- Egmond, Florike. “Fragmentatie rechtverscheidenheid en rechtsongelijkheid in de Noordelijke Nederlanden tijdens de zeventiende en acttiende eeuw.” In Nieuw Licht op Oude Justitie: Misdaad en straf ten tijde van de republiek, edited by Sjoerd Faber, 9–23. Muiderberg: Dick Coutinhio, 1989.
- Egmond, Florike. Underworlds: Organized Crime in the Netherlands, 1650–1800. Cambridge: Polity, 1993.
- Eliade, Mircea. The Sacred and the Profane: The Nature of Religion. Translated by Willard R. Trask. Boston: Mariner Books, 1968.
- Ellis, Clifton, and Rebecca Ginsberg, eds. Slavery in the City: Architecture and Landscapes of Urban Slavery in North America. Charlottesville: University of Virginia Press, 2017.
- Emmer, P. C. De Nederlandse Slavenhandel, 1500–1850. Amsterdam: Uitgeverij De Arbeidspers, 2000.
- Emmer, P. C. “De Slavenhandel van en naar Nieuw-Nederland.” Economisch- en social- historisch jaarboek 35, no. 1 (1972): 94–147.
- Emmer, Pieter, and Ernst van den Boogaart. The Dutch in the Atlantic Economy, 1580–1880: Trade, Slavery and Emancipation. Aldershot: Ashgate, 1998.
- Epperson, Terrence W. “Panopticon Plantations: The Garden Sights of Thomas Jefferson and George Mason.” In Lines that Divide: Historical Archaeologies of Race, Class, and Gender, edited by James A. Delle, Stephen Mrozowski, and Robert Paynter, 58–77. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 2000.
- Epperson, Terrence W. “Race and the Disciplines of the Plantation.” Historical Archeology 24, no. 4 (1990): 29–36.
- Fabend, Firth Haring. Zion on the Hudson: Dutch New York and New Jersey in the Age of Revivals. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2000.
- Ferguson, Leland. “ ‘The Cross Is a Magic Sign’: Marks on Eighteenth-Century Bowls from South Carolina.” In “I, Too, Am America”: Archeological Studies of African-American Life, edited by Theresa Singleton, 116–131. Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1999.
- Ferguson, Leland. Uncommon Ground: Archeology and Early African America, 1650–1800. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1992.
- Fick, Carolyn E. The Making of Haiti: Saint Domingue Revolution from Below. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1990.
- Finch, Aisha. Rethinking Slave Rebellion in Cuba: La Escalera and the Insurgency of 1841–1844. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2015.
- Fischer, Kirsten, and Jennifer Morgan. “Sex, Race, and the Colonial Project.” William and Mary Quarterly 60, no. 1 (January 2003): 197–198. https://
doi .org /10 .2307 /3491504. - Fiske, John. “Surveilling the City: Whiteness, the Black Man and Democratic Totalitarianism.” Theory, Culture & Society 15, no. 2: 67–88. https://
doi .org /10 .1177 /026327698015002003. - Fitts, Robert K. “The Landscapes of Northern Bondage.” Historical Archeology 30, no. 2 (1996): 54–73. https://
doi .org /10 .1007 /BF03373588. - Flather, Amanda. “Gender, Space and Place: The Experience of Servants in Rural Households 1550–1750.” Mundo Agragrio 18, no. 39 (December 2017): 171–188. https://
www .jstor .org /stable /24542990. - Foote, Thelma Wills. Black and White Manhattan: The History of Racial Formation in Colonial New York City. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
- Foucault, Michel. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. Translated by Alan Sheridan. New York: Pantheon Books, 1977.
- Foucault, Michel. “Of Other Spaces.” Diacritics 16 (Spring 1986): 22–27. https://
doi .org /10 .2307 /464648. - Fox, J. “ ‘For Good and Sufficient Reasons’: An Examination of Early Dutch East India Company Ordinances on Slaves and Slavery.” In Slavery, Bondage, & Dependency in Southeast Asia, edited by Anthony Reid, 246–262. New York: St. Martin’s, 1983.
- Frijhoff, Willem. Wegen van Evert Willemsz.: Een Hollands weeskind op zoek naar zichzelf, 1607–1647. Nijmegen: SUN, 1995.
- Frijhoff, Willem, and Jaap Jacobs. “The Dutch, New Netherland, and Thereafter (1609–1780s).” In Four Centuries of Dutch-American Relations, 1609–2009, edited by Hans Krabbendam, Cornelis A. van Minnen, and Giles Scott-Smith, 31–48. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2009.
- Fromont, Cécile. The Art of Conversion: Christian Visual Culture in the Kingdom of Kongo. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2014.
- Fuente, Alejandro de la. “Slaves and the Creation of Legal Rights in Cuba: Coartacion and Papel.” Hispanic American Historical Review 87, no. 4 (2007): 659–692. https://
doi .org /10 .1215 /00182168. - Fuentes, Marisa. Dispossessed Lives: Enslaved Women, Violence, and the Archive. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2018.
- Furman, Gabriel. Antiquities of Long Island. New York: J. W. Bouton, 1875.
- Games, Alison. “Cohabitation, Suriname-Style: English Inhabitants in Dutch Suriname after 1667.” William and Mary Quarterly, 3d ser., 72, no. 2 (April 2015): 195–242. https://
doi .org /10 .5309 /Willmaryquar .72 .2 .0195. - Garofalo, Leo. “Afro-Iberian Subjects: Petitioning the Crown at Home, Serving the Crown Abroad, 1590s–1630s.” In Afro-Latino Voices: Narratives from the Early Modern Ibero-Atlantic World, 1550–1812, edited by Kathryn McKnight and Leo Garofalo, 52–63. Indianapolis: Hackett, 2009.
- Garvan, Anthony. “The Protestant Plain Style before 1630.” Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians 9, no. 3 (October 1950): 4–13. https://
doi .org /10 .2307 /987455. - Gehring, Charles T. “The Dutch Language in Colonial New York: An Investigation of a Language in Decline and Its Relationship to Social Change.” PhD diss., Indiana University Press, 1973.
- Gehring, Charles T. “New Netherland: The Formative Years, 1609–1632.” In Four Centuries of Dutch-American Relations, 1609–2009, edited by Hans Krabbendam, Cornelis A. van Minnen, and Giles Scott-Smith, 74–84. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2009.
- Gellman, David N. Emancipating New York: The Politics of Slavery and Freedom, 1777–1827. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2006.
- Gerbner, Katharine. Christian Slavery: Conversion and Race in the Protestant Atlantic World. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2019.
- Gerlach, Don R. “Black Arson in Albany, New York: November 1793.” Journal of Black Studies 7, no. 3 (1977): 301–312. https://
www .jstor .org /stable /2783709. - Gigantino II, James J. The Ragged Road to Abolition: Slavery and Freedom in New Jersey, 1775–1865. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2014.
- Goetz, Rebecca Anne. The Baptism of Early Virginia: How Christianity Created Race. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2012.
- Gomez, Michael A. Exchanging Our Country Marks: The Transformation of African Identities in the Colonial and Antebellum South. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1998.
- Goodfriend, Joyce. Before the Melting Pot: Society and Culture in Colonial New York City, 1644–1730. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1992.
- Goodfriend, Joyce. “Black Families in New Netherland.” In A Beautiful and Fruitful Place, edited by Nancy McClure Zeller, 147–156. N.p., 1991.
- Goodfriend, Joyce. “Burghers and Blacks: The Evolution of a Slave Society at New Amsterdam.” New York History 59, no. 2 (1978): 125–144. https://
www .jstor .org /stable /23169655. - Goodfriend, Joyce. “Slavery in Colonial New York.” Journal of Urban History 35, no. 3 (December 2008): 485–496. https://
jstor .org /stable /44613788. - Goodfriend, Joyce. “The Social and Cultural Life of Dutch Settlers, 1664–1776.” In Four Centuries of Dutch-American Relations, 1609–2009, edited by Hans Krabbendam, Cornelis A. van Minnen, and Giles Scott-Smith, 120–131. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2009.
- Goodfriend, Joyce. “The Social Dimensions of Congregational Life in Colonial New York City.” William and Mary Quarterly 46, no. 2 (April 1989): 252–278. https://
doi .org /10 .2307 /1920254. - Goodfriend, Joyce. “The Souls of African American Children: New Amsterdam.” Common-Place 3, no. 4 (July 2003). http://
www .common -place -archives .org /vol -03 /no -04 /new -york /. - Goodfriend, Joyce. Who Should Rule at Home?: Confronting the Elite in British New York City. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2017.
- Goodfriend, Joyce. “Why New Netherland Matters.” In Explorers, Fortunes, & Love Letters: A Window on New Netherland, edited by Martha Dickinson Shattuck, 148–161. New York: New Netherland Institute and Mount Ida Press, 2009.
- Goslinga, Cornelis Ch. The Dutch in the Caribbean and on the Wild Coast 1580–1680. Assen: Van Gorcum, 1971.
- Gouw, Jan ter. De Volksvermaken. Haarlem: Erven F. Bohn, 1871.
- Greenberg, Douglas. “Patterns of Criminal Prosecution in Eighteenth Century New York.” In Courts and Law in Early New York: Selected Essays, edited by Leo Hershkowitz and Milton M. Klein, 133–153. Port Washington, NY: Kennikat, 1978.
- Greene, Lorenzo J. “The New England Negro as Seen in Advertisements for Runaway Slaves.” Journal of Negro History 29, no. 2 (April 1944): 125–146. https://
doi .org /10 .2307 /2715307. - Grey, Cam. “Slavery in the Late Roman World.” In The Cambridge World History of Slavery. Vol. 1, The Ancient Mediterranean World, edited by Keith Bradley and Paul Cartledge, 482–509. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.
- Grivno, Max. Gleanings of Freedom: Free and Slave Labor along the Mason-Dixon Line, 1790–1860. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2011.
- Grosse, Christian. “Places of Sanctification: The Liturgical Sacrality of Genevan Reformed Churches.” In Sacred Space in Early Modern Europe, edited by Andrew Spicer and Will Coster, 60–80. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
- Groth, Michael E. Slavery and Freedom in the Mid-Hudson Valley. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2017.
- Haan, F. de. Oud Batavia. Vol. 1. Batavia: G. Kolff, 1922.
- Hacker, Barton C. “Firearms, Horses, and Slave Soldiers: The Military History of African Slavery.” Icon 14 (2008): 62–83. https://
www .jstor .org /stable /23787162. - Hackett, David G. The Rude Hand of Innovation: Religion and Social Order in Albany, New York, 1652–1836. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991.
- Hadden, Sally E. Slave Patrols: Law and Violence in Virginia and the Carolinas. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2001.
- Haefeli, Evan. New Netherland and the Dutch Origins of American Religious Liberty. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2012.
- Hague, Stephen. “Building Status in the British Atlantic World: The Gentleman’s House in the English West Country and Pennsylvania.” In Building the British Atlantic World: Spaces, Places, and Material Culture, 1600–1850, edited by Daniel Maudlin and Bernard L. Herman, 231–252. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2016.
- Hall, David D. Worlds of Wonder, Days of Judgement: Popular Religious Belief in Early England. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1990.
- Hall, Gwendolyn Midlo. Africans in Colonial Louisiana: The Development of Afro-Creole Culture in the Eighteenth Century. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 1995.
- Hamer, Deborah. “Creating an Orderly Society: The Regulation of Marriage and Sex in the Dutch Atlantic World, 1621–1674.” PhD diss., Columbia University, 2014.
- Hamer, Deborah. “Marriage and the Construction of Colonial Order: Jurisdiction, Gender, and Class in Seventeenth Century Dutch Batavia.” Gender & History 29, no. 3 (November 2017): 622–640. https://
doi .org /10 .1111 /1468 -0424 .12316. - Hamilton, Sarah, and Andrew Spicer. “Defining the Holy: The Delineation of Sacred Space.” In Defining the Holy: Sacred Space in Medieval and Early Modern Europe, edited by Sarah Hamilton and Andrew Spicer, 1–26. New York: Ashgate, 2005.
- Hanley, Ryan. “Calvinism, Proslavery and James Albert Ukawsaw Gronniosaw.” Slavery & Abolition 36, no. 2 (2015): 360–381. https://
doi .org /10 .1080 /0144039X .2014 .920973. - Hardesty, Jared. Unfreedom: Slavery and Dependence in Eighteenth-Century Boston. New York: New York University Press, 2016.
- Harris, Leslie M. In the Shadow of Slavery: African Americans in New York City, 1626–1863. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2003.
- Hart, Simon. “The City-Colony of New Amstel on the Delaware: II.” de Halve Maen: Journal of The Holland Society of New York 40, no. 1 (April 1965): 5–6, 13–14.
- Hartman, Saidiya V. Lose Your Mother: A Journey along the Atlantic Slave Route. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2007.
- Hartman, Saidiya V. Scenes of Subjection: Terror, Slavery, and Self-Making in Nineteenth-Century America. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997.
- Hartman, Saidiya V. “Venus in Two Acts.” Small Axe 26, v. 12, no. 2 (June 2008): 1–14. https://
www .muse .jhu /article /241115. - Hasbrouck, Richard. A Brief History of the New Paltz Reformed Church. Published by the Tricentennial Committee on the occasion of the 300th Anniversary, 1982.
- Hatfield, April Lee. “Dutch and New Netherland Merchants in the Seventeenth-Century English Chesapeake.” In The Atlantic Economy during the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries: Organization, Operation, Practice, and Personnel, edited by Peter A. Coclanis, 205–228. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2005.
- Hayes, Katherine Howlett. Slavery before Race: Europeans, Africans, and Indians at Long Island’s Sylvester Manor Plantation, 1651–1884. New York: New York University Press, 2013.
- Heijer, Henk den. De geschiedenis van de WIC. Zutphen: Walburg Pers, 2002.
- Heijer, Henk den. “The Dutch West India Company, 1621–1791.” In Riches from the Atlantic Commerce: Dutch Transatlantic Trade and Shipping, 1585–1817, edited by Johannes Postma and Victor Enthoven, 77–114. Leiden: Brill, 2003.
- Heijer, Henk den. “Goud, ivoor en slaven. Scheepvaart en handel van de Tweede Westindische Compagnie of Afrika, 1674–1740.” PhD diss., Universiteit van Leiden, 1997.
- Herman, Bernard L. “Slave and Servant Housing in Charleston, 1770–1820.” Historical Archeology 33, no. 3 (1999): 88–101. https://
jstor .org /stable /25616727. - Herskowitz, L. “The Troublesome Turk: An Illustration of the Judicial Process in New Amsterdam.” New York History 46, no. 4 (1965): 299–310. https://
jstor .org /stable /23162613. - Heywood, Linda M. “Queen Njinga Mbandi Ana De Sousa of Ndongo/Matamba: African Leadership, Diplomacy, and Ideology, 1620s–1650s.” In Afro-Latino Voices: Narratives from the Early Modern Ibero-Atlantic World, 1550–1812, edited by Kathryn McKnight and Leo Garofalo, 38–51. Indianapolis: Hackett, 2009.
- Heywood, Linda M., and John K. Thornton. Central Africans, Atlantic Creoles, and the Foundation of the Americas, 1585–1660. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2007.
- Heywood, Linda M., and John K. Thornton. “Intercultural Relations between Europeans and Blacks in New Netherland.” In Four Centuries of Dutch-American Relations: 1609–2009, edited by Hans Krabbendam, Cornelis A. van Minnen, and Giles Scott-Smith, 192–203. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2009.
- Heywood, Linda M., and John K. Thornton. “The Treason of Dom Pedro Nkanga a Mvemba against Dom Diogo, King of Kongo, 1550.” In Afro-Latino Voices: Narratives from the Early Modern Ibero-Atlantic World, 1550–1812, edited by Kathryn McKnight and Leo Garofalo, 2–29. Indianapolis: Hackett, 2009.
- Higginbotham, A. Leon. In the Matter of Color: Race and the American Legal Process: The Colonial Period. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1978.
- Higman, Barry. Slave Populations of the British Caribbean. Mona, Jamaica: University of West Indies Press, 1995.
- Hilton, Anne. The Kingdom of Kongo. Oxford: Clarendon, 1985.
- Hodges, Graham Russell. “The Pastor and the Prostitute: Sexual Power among African Americans and Germans in Colonial New York.” In Sex, Love, Race: Crossing Boundaries in North American History, edited by Martha Hodes, 60–71. New York: New York University Press, 1999.
- Hodges, Graham Russell. Root & Branch: African Americans in New York & East Jersey. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1999.
- Hodges, Graham Russell. Slavery and Freedom in the Rural North: African Americans in Monmouth County, New Jersey, 1665–1865. Madison: Madison House, 1997.
- Hoff, Henry, B. “A Colonial Black Family in New York and New Jersey: Pieter Santomee and His Descendants.” Journal of the Afro-American Historical and Genealogical Society 9 (1998): 101–134.
- Hoff, Henry B. “Swan Janse Van Luane: A Free Black in Seventeenth Century Kings County.” New York Genealogical and Biographical Record 125 (April 1994): 74–77.
- Horton, James Oliver, and Lois E. Horton. In Hope of Liberty: Culture, Community, and Protest among Northern Free Blacks, 1700–1860. New York: Oxford University Press, 1997.
- Howell, George R., ed. History of the County of Albany, N.Y., from 1609–1886. With Portraits, Biographies and Illustrations. New York: W. W. Munsell, 1886.
- Huey, Paul. “A New Look at an Old Object.” New York State Preservationist 8, no. 2 (2004): 22–23.
- Humphrey, Thomas J. “Agrarian Rioting in Albany County, New York: Tenants, Markets and Revolution in the Hudson Valley, 1751–1801.” PhD diss., Northern Illinois University, 1997.
- Isaac, Rhys. The Transformation of Virginia, 1740–1790. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1982.
- Ittersum, Martine Julia van. “The Long Goodbye: Hugo Grotius’ Justification of Dutch Expansion Overseas, 1615–1645.” History of European Idea 36 (2010): 386–411. https://
doi .org /10 .1016 /j .histeuroideas .2010 .05 .003. - Jacobs, Bart. “The Upper Guinea Origins of Papiamentu: Linguistic and Historical Evidence.” Diachronica 26, no. 3 (2009): 319–379. https://
doi .org /10 .1075 /dia .26 .3 .02jac. - Jacobs, Jaap. The Colony of New Netherland: A Dutch Settlement in Seventeenth-Century America. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2009.
- Jacobs, Jaap. “Dutch Proprietary Manors in America: The Patroonships in New Netherland.” In Constructing Early Modern Empires: Proprietary Ventures in the Atlantic World, edited by Lou Roper, 301–326. Leiden: Brill, 2007.
- Jacobs, Jaap. “Migration, Population, and Government in New Netherland.” In Four Centuries of Dutch-American Relations, 1609–2009, edited by Hans Krabbendam, Cornelis A. van Minnen, and Giles Scott-Smith, 85–96. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2009.
- Jacobs, Jaap. New Netherland: A Dutch Colony in Seventeenth-Century America. Leiden: Brill Academic, 2015.
- Jacobs, Jaap. “ ‘To Favor This New and Growing City of New Amsterdam with a Court of Justice’: The Relations between Rulers and Ruled in New Amsterdam.” In Amsterdam-New York: Transatlantic Relations and Urban Identities since 1653, edited by George Harinck and Hans Krabbendam, 17–29. Amsterdam: VU Uitgeverij, 2005.
- Jacobs, Jaap. “Van Angola naar Manhattan. Slavernij in Nieuw-Nederland in de seventiende Eeuw.” In Slaven en schepen. Enkele reis, bestemming onbekend, edited by Remmelt Daalder, Andrea Kieskamp, and Dirk J. Tang, 69–75. Leiden: Primavera, 2001.
- Johnson, Matthew. An Archeology of Capitalism. Oxford: Blackwell, 1996.
- Johnson, Rashauna. Slavery’s Metropolis: Unfree Labor in New Orleans during the Age of Revolutions. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016.
- Johnson, Walter. Soul by Soul: Life inside the Antebellum Slave Market. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1999.
- Jones, Martha. Birthright Citizens: A History of Race and Rights in Antebellum America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018.
- Joosse, Leendert. Geloof in de Nieuwe Wereld: Ontmoeting met Afrikanen en Indianen (1600–1700). Kampen: Uitgeverij Kok, 2008.
- Joseph, J. W. “ ‘… All of Cross’—African Potters, Marks, and Meanings in the Folk Pottery of Edgefield District, South Carolina.” Historical Archeology 45, no. 2 (2011): 134–155. https://
www .jstor .org /stable /23070092. - Judd, Jacob. “Frederick Philipse and the Madagascar Trade.” New York Historical Society Quarterly 55, no. 4 (September 1971): 354–374.
- Kehoe, Marsely L. “Dutch Batavia: Exposing the Hierarchy of the Dutch Colonial City.” Journal of Historians of Netherlandish Art 7, no. 1 (Winter 2015): 1–28. https://
doi .org /10 .5092 /jhna .2015 .7 .1 .3. - Kennington, Kelly. In the Shadow of Dred Scott: St. Louis Freedom Suits and the Legal Culture of Slavery in Antebellum America. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2017.
- Kilde, Jeanne Halgren. Sacred Power, Sacred Space: An Introduction to Christian Architecture and Worship. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.
- Kirk, Matthew. “Out of the Ashes of Craft, the Fires of Consumerism: A 1797 Deposit in Downtown Albany.” In People, Places, and Material Things: Historical Archeology of Albany, New York, edited by Charles L. Fisher, 47–56. Albany: New York State Museum, 2003.
- Klooster, Wim. “The Dutch in the Atlantic.” In Four Centuries of Dutch-American Relations, 1609–2009, edited by Hans Krabbendam, Cornelis A. van Minnen, Giles Scott-Smith, 63–73. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2009.
- Klooster, Wim. The Dutch Moment: War, Trade, and Settlement in the Seventeenth-Century Atlantic World. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2016.
- Knaap, Gerrit. “Kasteel, stad en land: Het begin van het Nederlandse Imperium in de Oost.” Leidschrift 21, no. 2 (September 2006): 17–30.
- Koot, Christian. “Anglo-Dutch Trade in the Chesapeake and the British Caribbean, 1621–1733.” In Dutch Atlantic Connections, 1680–1800: Linking Empires, Bridging Borders, edited by Gert Oostindie and Jessica V. Roitman, 72–99. Leiden: Brill, 2014.
- Kooten, Rogier van. “ ‘Like a Child in Their Debt, and Consequently Their Slave?’ Power Structures in the Commercial Circuits of a Colonial Agro-System near New York around 1675.” Master’s thesis, University of Antwerp, 2016.
- Koppelson, Heather Miyano. Faithful Bodies: Performing Religion and Race in the Puritan Atlantic. New York: New York University Press, 2014.
- Kothari, Uma. “Geographies and Histories of Unfreedom: Indentured Labourers and Contract Workers in Mauritius.” Journal of Development Studies 49, no. 8 (2013): 1042–1057. https://
doi .org /10 .1080 /00220388 .2013 .780039. - Krabbendam, Hans, Cornelius A. van Minnen, and Giles Scott-Smith, eds. Four Centuries of Dutch American Relations, 1609–2009. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2009.
- Kramer, Erin. “New York’s Unrighteous Beginnings.” Gotham Center Blog. August 5, 2020. https://
www .gothamcenter .org /blog /new -yorks -unrighteous -beginnings. - Kross, Jessica. The Evolution of an American Town: Newtown, New York, 1642–1775. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1983.
- Kruger, Vivienne. “Born to Run: The Slave Family in Early New York, 1626 to 1827.” PhD diss., Columbia University, 1985.
- Kruijtzer, Gijs. “European Migration in the Dutch Sphere.” In Dutch Colonialism, Migration and Cultural Heritage, edited by Gert Oostindie, 97–154. Leiden: KITLV, 2008.
- Landers, Jane. Black Society in Spanish Florida. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1999.
- Landers, Jane. “Traditions of African American Freedom and Community in Spanish Colonial Florida.” In The African American Heritage of Florida, edited by David R. Colburn and Jane L. Landers, 17–41. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1995.
- Lanier, Gabrielle M. Everyday Architecture of the Mid-Atlantic: Looking at Buildings and Landscapes. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1997.
- Law, Robin. “Horses, Firearms, and Political Power in Pre-Colonial West Africa.” Past and Present Society, no. 72 (August 1979): 119–120. https://
www .jstor .org /stable /650330. - Lee, Esther J., et al. “MtDNA Origins of an Enslaved Labor Force from the 18th Century Schuyler Flatts Burial Ground in Colonial Albany, NY: Africans, Native Americans, and Malagasy?” Journal of Archeological Science 36 (2009): 2805–2810. https://
doi .org /10 .1016 /j .jas .2009 .09 .008. - Lefebvre, Henri. The Production of Space. Translated by Donald Nicholson-Smith. Oxford, UK: Blackwell, 1991. First published in French in 1974.
- Leone, M. P., and G.-M. Fry. “Conjuring in the Big House Kitchen: An Interpretation of African American Belief Systems Based on the Use of Archaeology and Folklore Sources.” Journal of American Folklore 112, no. 445 (1999): 372–403. https://
www .jstor .org /stable /541368. - Leone, Mark P. “Interpreting Ideology in Historical Archeology: Using the Rules of Perspective in William Paca Garden in Annapolis, Maryland.” In Ideology, Power, and Prehistory, edited by Daniel Miller and Christopher Tilley, 25–36. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1984.
- Lepore, Jill. New York Burning: Liberty, Slavery and Conspiracy in Eighteenth-Century Manhattan. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2005.
- Lepore, Jill. “The Tightening Vise: Slavery and Freedom in British New York.” In Slavery in New York, edited by Ira Berlin and Leslie Harris, 57–89. New York: New Press, 2005.
- Lewis, Kenneth E. “Plantation Layout and Function in the South Carolina Lowcountry.” In The Archeology of Slavery and Plantation Life, edited by Theresa A. Singleton, 35–65. San Diego: Academic Press, 1985.
- Lieburg, Fred van. “The Dutch and Their Religion.” In Four Centuries of Dutch-American Relations, 1609–2009, edited by Hans Krabbendam, Cornelis A. van Minnen, and Giles Scott-Smith, 154–165. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2009.
- Lindner, Christopher. “West African Cosmogram Recognized Adjacent to Probably Hearth Concealment at 19th-Century Slave Quarter in Mid-Hudson Valley Settlement of Early German Americans.” SHA Newsletter: Quarterly News on Historical Archeology from around the Globe 49, no. 1 (Spring 2016): 28–29.
- Linebaugh, Peter, and Marcus Rediker. The Many-Headed Hydra: Sailors, Slaves, Commoners, and the Hidden History of the Revolutionary Atlantic. Boston: Beacon, 2000.
- Lipman, Andrew. The Saltwater Frontier: Indians and the Contest for the American Coast. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2015.
- Mabee, Carleton. Sojourner Truth: Slave, Prophet, Legend. New York: New York University Press, 1995.
- MacGaffey, Wyatt. Religion and Society in Central Africa: The BaKongo of Lower Zaire. Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1986.
- Maika, Dennis. “Encounters: Slavery and Philipse Family: 1680–1751.” In Dutch New York: The Roots of Hudson Valley Culture, edited by Roger Panetta, 35–72. Yonkers, NY: Hudson River Museum/Fordham University Press, 2009.
- Maika, Dennis. “Slavery, Race, and Culture in Early New York.” de Halve Maen: Magazine of the Dutch Colonial Period in America (Summer 2000): 27–33.
- Maika, Dennis. “To ‘Experiment with a Parcel of Negros’: Incentive, Collaboration, and Competition in New Amsterdam’s Slave Trade.” Journal of Early American History 10, no. 1 (2020): 33–69.
- Manca, Joseph. “Erasing the Dutch: The Critical Reception of Hudson Valley Dutch Architecture, 1670–1840.” In Going Dutch: The Dutch Presence in America, 1609–2009, edited by Joyce D. Goodfriend, Benjamin Schmidt, and Annette Stott, 59–84. Leiden: Brill, 2008.
- Maskiell, Nicole. “Bound by Bondage: Slavery among Elites in Colonial Massachusetts and New York.” PhD diss., Cornell University, 2013.
- Mbeki, Linda, and Matthias van Rossum. “Private Slave Trade in the Dutch Indian Ocean World: A Study into the Networks and Backgrounds of the Slavers and the Enslaved in South Asia and South Africa.” Slavery & Abolition 38, no. 1 (2017): 95–116.
- McGill, Joseph. “There Is Something Special about Sleepovers.” The Slave Dwelling Project Blog, November 8, 2019. https://
slavedwellingproject .org /there -is -something -special -about -sleepovers /. - McKee, Larry. “The Ideals and Realities behind the Design and Use of 19th Century Virginia Slave Cabins.” In The Art and Mystery of Historical Archeology: Essays in Honor of James Deetz, edited by Anne Elizabeth Yentsch and Mary C. Beaudry, 195–214. Boca Raton, FL: CRC, 1992.
- McKinley, Michelle A. Fractional Freedoms: Slavery, Intimacy, and Legal Mobilization in Colonial Lima. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016.
- McKittrick, Katherine. Demonic Grounds: Black Women and the Cartographies of Struggle. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2006.
- McKnight, Kathryn, and Leo Garofalo, eds. Afro-Latino Voices: Narratives from the Early Modern Ibero-Atlantic World, 1550–1812. Indianapolis: Hackett, 2009.
- McLaughlin, William. “Dutch Rural New York: Community, Economy and Family in Colonial Flatbush.” PhD diss., Columbia University, 1981.
- McManus, Edgar J. A History of Negro Slavery in New York. Syracuse, NY: Syracuse University Press, 1996.
- Meischke, Ir. R. Het Nederlandse Woonhuis van 1300–1800: Vijftig jaar Vereniging ‘Hendrick de Keyser. Haarlem: H. D. Tjeenk Willink & Soon N.V., 1969.
- Meischke, Ir. R., H. J. Zantkuijl, W. Raue, and P.T.E.E. Rosenberg. Huizen in Nederland: Amsterdam. Architectuurhistorische verkenningen aan de hand van het bezit van de Vereniging Hendrick de Keyser, deel 1. Zwolle: Waanders Uitgevers, 1995.
- Mello, José Antônio Gonsales de. Nederlanders in Brazilië (1624–1654): De invloed van de Hollandse besetting op het leven en de cultuur in Noord-Brazilië. Translated by G. N. Visser. Zutphen: Walburg, 2001 [repr. ed.].
- Merlin-Faucquez, Anne-Claire. “De la Nouvelle-Néerlande à New York: La naissance d’une société esclavagiste (1624–1712).” Ph.D. diss., Université Paris VIII–Vincennes Saint Denis, 2011.
- Merwick, Donna. The Shame and the Sorrow: Dutch-Amerindian Encounter in New Netherland. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2006.
- Meuwese, Mark. Brothers in Arms, Partners in Trade: Dutch-Indigenous Alliances in the Atlantic World, 1595–1674. Leiden: Brill, 2012.
- Miller, Daniel. Unwrapping Christmas. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1993.
- Miller, Joseph. Kings and Kinsmen: Early Mbundu States in Angola. Oxford: Clarendon, 1976.
- Miller, Marla. “Labor and Liberty in the Age of Refinement: Gender, Class, and the Built Environment.” Perspectives in Vernacular Architecture 10 (2005): 15–31.
- Mol, Hans de. “Het Huwelyck is goddelyck van aart, wanneer men tsaam uyt reine liefde paart.” In Kent, en Versint eer datje Mint: Vrijen en trouwen 1500–1800, edited by Petra van Boheemen et al. Zwolle: Waanders Uitgeverij, 1989.
- Molen, S. J. van der. Levend Volksleven: Een Eigentijdse Volkskunde Van Nederland. Van Gorcum: HJ Prakke & HMG Prakke, 1961.
- Moore, Christopher. “A World of Possibilities: Slavery and Freedom in Dutch New Amsterdam.” In Slavery in New York, edited by Ira Berlin and Leslie M. Harris, 29–56. New York: New Press, 2005.
- Morgan, Jennifer. Laboring Women: Reproduction and Gender in New World Slavery. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2004.
- Mosterman, Andrea C. “Een slavenschip voor Nieuwer-Amstel, stadskolonie aan de Delaware.” In Amsterdam en de Slavernij in Oost en West, edited by Pepijn Brandon, Guno Jones, Nancy Jouwe, and Matthias van Rossum, 164–171. Amsterdam: Uitgeverij Het Spectrum, 2020.
- Mosterman, Andrea C. “ ‘I Thought They Were Worthy’: A Dutch Reformed Church Minister and His Congregation Debate African American Membership in the Church.” Early American Studies 14, no. 3 (Summer 2016): 610–616.
- Mosterman, Andrea C. “Sharing Spaces in a New World Environment: African-Dutch Contributions to North American Culture, 1626–1826.” PhD diss., Boston University, 2012.
- Mouritsen, Henrik. The Freedman in the Roman World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2015.
- Mouw, Dirk Edward. “Moederkerk and Vaderland: Religion and Ethnic Identity in the Middle Colonies, 1690–1772.” PhD diss., University of Iowa, 2009.
- Murphy, Joseph M. Working the Spirit: Ceremonies of the African Diaspora. Boston: Beacon, 1994.
- Murphy, Larry G. Sojourner Truth: A Biography. Santa Barbara, CA: Greenwood, 2011.
- Nelson, Louis P. Architecture and Empire in Jamaica. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2016.
- Nelson, Louis P. The Beauty of Holiness: Anglicanism & Architecture in Colonial South Carolina. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2008.
- Newell, Margaret Ellen. Brethren by Nature: New England Indians, Colonists, and the Origins of American Slavery. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2015.
- Newman, Oscar. Defensible Space: Crime Prevention through Urban Design. New York: Macmillan, 1972.
- Newman, Simon. A New World of Labor: The Development of Plantation Slavery in the British Atlantic. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2013.
- The New York African Burial Ground: Unearthing the African Presence in Colonial New York. Washington, DC: Howard University Press, 2009.
- Niaah, Sonjah Stanley. “Mapping Black Atlantic Performance Geographies: From Slave Ship to Ghetto.” In Black Geographies and the Politics of Place, edited by Katherine McKittrick and Clyde Woods, 193–217. Boston: South End, 2007.
- Niemeijer, Hendrik E. Batavia: Een koloniale samenleving in de zeventiende eeuw. Amsterdam: Uitgeverij Balans, 2005.
- Nierop, Henk van. “Sacred Space Contested: Amsterdam in the Age of the Reformation.” In The Power of Space in Late Medieval and Early Modern Europe: The Cities of Italy, Northern France, and the Low Countries, edited by Marc Boone and Martha Howell, 153–161. Turnhout, Belgium: Brepols, 2013.
- Noorlander, D. L. Heaven’s Wrath: The Protestant Reformation and the Dutch West India Company in the Atlantic World. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2019.
- Northrup, Ansel Judd. Slavery in New York: A Historical Sketch. Albany: University of the State of New York, 1900.
- Olson, Edwin. “The Slave Code in Colonial New York.” Journal of Negro History 29, no. 2 (1944): 147–165. https://
doi .org /10 .2307 /2715308. - Olwell, Robert. Masters, Slaves, and Subjects: The Culture of Power in the South Carolina Low Country, 1740–1790. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1998.
- O’Malley, Gregory E. Final Passages: The Intercolonial Slave Trade of British America, 1619–1807. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2014.
- Otto, Paul. The Dutch-Munsee Encounter in America. New York: Berghahn Books, 2006.
- Painter, Nell Irvin. Sojourner Truth: A Life, a Symbol. New York: W. W. Norton, 1997.
- Panetta, Roger, ed. Dutch New York: The Roots of Hudson Valley Culture. New York: Fordham University Press, 2009.
- Phillips, William D., Jr. “Manumission in Metropolitan Spain and the Canaries.” In Paths to Freedom: Manumission in the Atlantic World, edited by Rosemary Brana-Shute and Randy J. Sparks, 31–50. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2009.
- Piersen, William D. Black Yankees: The Development of an Afro-American Subculture in Eighteenth-Century New England. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1988.
- Postma, Johannes. “The Dimensions of the Dutch Slave Trade from Western Africa.” Journal of African History 13 (1972): 237–248.
- Postma, Johannes. The Dutch in the Atlantic Slave Trade, 1600–1815. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990.
- Postma, Johannes. “A Reassessment of the Dutch Atlantic Slave Trade.” In Riches from Atlantic Commerce: Dutch Transatlantic Trade and Shipping, 1585–1817, edited by Johannes Postma and Victor Enthoven, 115–138. Leiden: Brill, 2003.
- Prude, Jonathan. “To Look upon the ‘Lower Sort’: Runaway Ads and the Appearance of Unfree Laborers in America, 1750–1800.” Journal of American History 78, no. 1 (June 1991): 124–159. https://
doi .org /10 .2307 /2078091. - Purvis, Thomas L. Colonial America to 1763. Edited by Richard Balkin. New York: Infobase, 2014.
- Raben, Remco. “Cities and the Slave Trade in Early-Modern Southeast Asia.” In Linking Destinies: Trade, Towns and Kin in Asian Histories, edited by Peter Boomgaard, Dick Kooiman, and Henk Schulte Nordholt, 129–151. Leiden: KITLV, 2008.
- Raben, Remco. “Facing the Crowd: The Urban Ethnic Policy of the Dutch East India Company, 1600–1800.” In Mariners, Merchants, and Oceans: Studies in Maritime History, edited by Skaria Mathew Kuzhippallil, 209–245. New Delhi: Manohar, 1995.
- Raboteau, Albert J. Slave Religion: The “Invisible Institution” in the Antebellum South. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.
- Ratelband, Klaas. Nederlanders in West-Afrika 1600–1650. Zutphen: Uitgeverijmaatshappij Walburg Pers, 2000.
- Reid, A. “ ‘Closed’ and ‘Open’ Slave Systems in Pre-Colonial Asia.” In Slavery, Bondage, & Dependency in Southeast Asia, edited by Anthony Reid, 156–181. New York: St. Martin’s, 1983.
- Reidy, Joseph P. “ ‘Negro Election Day’ & Black Community Life in New England, 1750–1860.” Marxist Perspectives 1, no. 3 (Fall 1978): 102–117.
- Rhoads, William B. An Architectural History of the Reformed Church New Paltz, New York. Tricentennial Committee of the Church (1983).
- Ricciardi, Christopher Gerard. “Changing through the Century: Life at the Lott Family Farm in the Nineteenth-Century Town of Flatlands, Kings County, New York.” PhD diss., Syracuse University, 2004.
- Rivard, Derek A. Blessing the World: Ritual and Lay Piety in Medieval Religion. Washington, DC: Catholic University of America Press, 2011.
- Rockman, Seth. Scraping By: Wage Labor, Slavery, and Survival in Early Baltimore. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2009.
- Romney, Susanah Shaw. New Netherland Connections: Intimate Networks and Atlantic Ties in Seventeenth-Century America. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2014.
- Romney, Susannah Shaw. “ ‘With & alongside his housewife’: Claiming Ground in New Netherland and the Early Modern Dutch Empire.” William and Mary Quarterly 73, no. 2 (April 2016): 187–224. https://
doi .org /10 .5309 /willmaryquar .73 .2 .0187. - Ross, Robert. Status and Respectability in the Cape Colony, 1750–1870: A Tragedy of Manners. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
- Rossum, Matthias van. “Labouring Transformations of Amphibious Monsters: Exploring Early Modern Globalization, Diversity, and Shifting Clusters of Labour Relations in the Context of the Dutch East India Company (1600–1800).” IRSH 64 (2019): 19–42. https://
doi .org /10 .1017 /S0020859019000014. - Rothman, Deborah. “Introduction.” In Shared Spaces and Divided Place: Material Dimensions of Gender Relations and the American Historical Landscape, edited by Deborah Rothman and Ellen-Rose Savulis, 1–23. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 2003.
- Rucker, Walter. The River Flows On: Black Resistance, Culture, and Identity Formation in Early America. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University, 2006.
- Rupert, Linda. “Marronage, Manumission and Maritime Trade in the Early Modern Caribbean.” Slavery and Abolition 30, no. 3 (September 2009): 361–382. https://
doi .org /10 .1080 /01440390903098003. - Samford, Patricia. “The Archeology of African-American Slavery and Material Culture.” William and Mary Quarterly 53, no. 1 (January 1996): 87–114. https://
doi .org /10 .2307 /2946825. - Samford, Patricia. Subfloor Pits and the Archeology of Slavery in Colonial Virginia. Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2007.
- Sawyer, Sean E. “Constructing the Tradition of Dutch American Architecture, 1609–2009.” In Dutch New York: The Roots of Hudson Valley Culture, edited by Roger Panetta, 93–136. New York: Fordham University Press, 2009.
- Schalkwijk, Frans Leonard. The Reformed Church in Dutch Brazil, 1630–1654. Zoetermeer: Boekencentrum, 1998.
- Schmidt, Benjamin. “The Dutch Atlantic: From Provincialism to Globalism.” In Atlantic History: A Critical Appraisal, edited by Jack P. Greene and Philip D. Morgan. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2009.
- Schmidt, Benjamin. “Exotic Allies: The Dutch-Chilean Encounter and the Failed Conquest of America.” Renaissance Quarterly 52, no. 2 (Summer 1999): 440–473. https://
doi .org /10 .2307 /2902060. - Schmidt, Benjamin. Innocence Abroad: The Dutch Imagination and the New World, 1570–1670. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2001.
- Schuyler Mansion: A Historic Structure Report. N.p.: The Division for Historic Preservation Bureau of Historic Sites, 1977.
- Sensbach, Jon F. Rebecca’s Revival: Creating Black Christianity in the Atlantic World. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2005.
- Sensbach, Jon F. A Separate Canaan: The Making of an Afro-Moravian World in North Carolina, 1673–1840. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1998.
- Shattuck, Martha Dickinson. “A Civil Society: Court and Community in Beverwijck, New Netherland, 1652–1664.” PhD diss., Boston University, 1993.
- Shattuck, Martha Dickinson. “Dutch Jurisprudence in New Netherland and New York.” In Four Centuries of Dutch-American Relations: 1609–2009, edited by Hans Krabbendam, Cornelis A. van Minnen, and Giles Scott-Smith, 143–153. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2009.
- Sibley, David. Geographies of Exclusion: Society and Difference in the West. London: Routledge, 1995.
- Silva, Filipa Ribeiro da. Dutch and Portuguese in Western Africa: Empires, Merchants and the Atlantic System, 1580–1674. Leiden: Brill, 2011.
- Singleton, Theresa A. ed. The Archeology of Slavery and Plantation Life. San Diego: Academic Press, 1985.
- Singleton, Theresa A. “The Archeology of Slavery in North America.” Annual Review of Anthopology 24 (1995): 119–140.
- Singleton, Theresa A. “Slavery and Spatial Dialectics on Cuban Coffee Plantations.” World Archeology 33, no. 1 (2001): 98–114. https://
www .jstor .org /stable /827891. - Smallwood, Stephanie. “The Politics of the Archive and History’s Accountability to the Enslaved.” History of the Present: A Journal of Critical History 6, no. 2 (Fall 2016): 117–132. https://
doi .org /10 .5406 /historypresent .6 .2 .0117. - Snyder, Terri. Brabbling Women: Disorderly Speech and the Law in Early Virginia. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2003.
- Soja, Edward. Postmodern Geographies: The Reassertion of Space in Critical Theory. London: Verso, 1989.
- Spicer, Andrew. Calvinist Churches in Early Modern Europe. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2007.
- Spicer, Andrew, and Sarah Hamilton eds. Defining the Holy: Sacred Space in Medieval and Early Modern Europe. Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2005.
- Spierenburg, Pieter. “Judicial Violence in the Dutch Republic: Corporal Punishment, Executions and Torture in Amsterdam, 1650–1750.” PhD diss., University of Amsterdam, 1978.
- Spierenburg, Pieter. The Spectacle of Suffering: Executions and the Evolution of Repression: From a Preindustrial Metropolis to the European Experience. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008.
- Stevenson, Brenda. “What’s Love Got to Do with It? Concubinage and Enslaved Women and Girls in the Antebellum South.” In Sexuality & Slavery: Reclaiming Intimate Histories in the America, ed. Daina Ramey Berry and Leslie M. Harris, 159–188. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 2018.
- St. George, Robert Blair. “ ‘Set Thine House in Order’: The Domestication of the Yeomanry in Seventeenth-Century New England.” In Common Places: Readings in American Vernacular Architecture, edited by Dell Upton and John Michael Vlach, 336–364. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1986.
- Stiefel, Barry L. Jews and the Renaissance of Synagogue Architecture, 1450–1730. New York: Routledge, 2016.
- Stiles, Henry Reed. A History of the City of Brooklyn. Brooklyn, NY: Subscription, 1869.
- Stokes, I. N. Phelps. The Iconography of Manhattan Island, 1498–1909. Vol. 2. New York: Robert H. Dodd, 1916.
- Stoler, Ann Laura. Carnal Knowledge and Imperial Power: Race and the Intimate in Colonial Rule. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2010 [repr. ed.].
- Strong, Thomas M. The History of the Town Flatbush in Kings County, Long Island. New York: T. R. Mercein, Jr., printer, 1842.
- Stuckey, Sterling. Slave Culture: Nationalist Theory and the Foundations of Black America. New York: Oxford University Press, 1987.
- Sullivan, Dennis. The Punishment of Crime in Colonial New York: The Dutch Experience in Albany during the Seventeenth Century. New York: Peter Lang, 1997.
- Swan, Robert. “The Black Presence in Seventeenth-Century Brooklyn.” de Halve Maen 63, no. 4 (December 1990): 3–5
- Swan, Robert. “Slaves and Slaveholding in Dutch New York, 1628–1664.” Journal of Afro American Historical and Genealogical Society 17, no. 1 (1998): 46–81.
- Sweeney, Kevin M. “Meetinghouses, Town Houses, and Churches: Changing Perceptions of Sacred and Secular Space in Southern New England, 1720–1850.” Winterthur Portfolio 28, no.1 (Spring 1993): 59–93.
- Sweet, James. Recreating Africa: Culture, Kinship, and Religion in the African-Portuguese World, 1441–1770. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2003.
- Tally, Robert T. Spatiality. New York: Routledge, 2012.
- Taylor, Jean Gelman. The Social World of Batavia: Europeans and Eurasians in Colonial Indonesia. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 2009.
- Thompson, Mark L. The Contest for the Delaware Valley: Allegiance, Identity, and Empire in the Seventeenth Century. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2013.
- Thompson, Robert Farris. Flash of the Spirit. New York: Vintage Books, 1984.
- Thompson, Robert Farris. “Kongo Influences on African-American Artistic Culture.” In Africanisms in American Culture, edited by Joseph E. Holloway, 148–184. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1990.
- Thornton, John K. Africa and Africans in the Making of the Atlantic World, 1400–1680. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992.
- Thornton, John K. “Afro-Christian Syncretism in the Kingdom of Kongo.” Journal of African History 54, no. 1 (2013): 53–77.
- Thornton, John K. The Kingdom of Kongo: Civil War and Transition, 1641–1718. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1983.
- Thornton, John K. The Kongolese Saint Anthony: Dona Beatriz Kimpa Vita and the Antonian Movement, 1684–1706. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1998.
- Thornton, John K. “Religious and Ceremonial Life in the Kongo and Mbundu Areas, 1500–1700.” In Central Africans and Cultural Transformations in the American Diaspora, edited by Linda Heywood, 71–90. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002.
- Thornton, John K. Warfare in Atlantic Africa, 1500–1800. London: Routledge, 2000.
- Thornton, John K., and Andrea C. Mosterman. “A Re-Interpretation of the Kongo-Portuguese War of 1622 According to New Documentary Evidence.” Journal of African History 51 (2010): 235–248.
- Tomlins, Christopher. Freedom Bound: Law, Labor, and Civic Identity in Colonizing English America, 1580–1865. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2010.
- Trouillot, Michel-Rolph. Silencing the Past: Power and the Production of History. Boston: Beacon, 1995.
- Turner, Sasha. Contested Bodies: Pregnancy, Childrearing, and Slavery in Jamaica. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2017.
- Turner, Sasha. “The Nameless and the Forgotten: Maternal Grief, Sacred Protection, and the Archive of Slavery.” Slavery & Abolition 38, no. 2 (2017): 232–250. https://
doi .org /10 .1080 /0144039X .2017 .1316962. - Twitty, Anne. Before Dred Scott: Slavery and Legal Culture in the American Confluence, 1787–1857. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2018.
- Upton, Dell. Holy Things and Profane: Anglican Parish Churches in Colonial Virginia. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1997.
- Upton, Dell. “Vernacular Domestic Architecture in Eighteenth-Century Virginia.” In Common Places: Readings in American Vernacular Architecture, edited by Dell Upton and John Michael Vlach, 315–335. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1986.
- Upton, Dell. “White and Black Landscapes in Eighteenth-Century Virginia.” Common Places 2, no. 2 (1984): 357–369.
- Upton, Dell, and John Michael Vlach, eds. Common Places: Readings in American Vernacular Architecture. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1986.
- Van Dusen, Lillian Dockstader. A History of the Reformed Church of Fonda, N.Y. beginning with the old Caughnawaga Church. Ladies Aid Society, 1925.
- Van Zandt, Cynthia Jean. Brothers among Nations: The Pursuit of Intercultural Alliances in Early America, 1580–1660. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2008.
- Van Zandt, Cynthia Jean. “Negotiating Settlement: Colonialism, Cultural Exchange, and Conflict in Early Colonial Atlantic North America, 1580–1660.” PhD diss., University of Connecticut, 1998.
- Vanderbilt, Gertrude Lefferts. The Social History of Flatbush: And Manners and Customs of the Dutch Settlers in Kings County. New York: D. Appleton, 1881.
- Vandervelde, Lea. Redemption Songs: Suing for Freedom before Dred Scott. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014.
- Venema, Janny. Beverwijck: A Dutch Village on the American Frontier, 1652–1664. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2003.
- Vennema, Ame. History of the Reformed Church of New Paltz, Ulster County, NY from 1683 to 1883. Rondout, NY: Kingston Freeman Steam Printing House, 1884.
- Verter, Bradford. “Interracial Festivity and Power in Antebellum New York: The Case of Pinkster.” Journal of Urban History 28, no. 4 (2002): 398–428. https://
doi .org /10 .1177 /0096144202028004002. - Vink, Markus. “ ‘The World’s Oldest Trade’: Dutch Slavery and Slave Trade in the Indian Ocean in the Seventeenth Century.” Journal of World History 14, no. 2 (June 2003): 131–177. https://
doi .org /10 .1353 /jwh .2003 .0026. - Vlach, John Michael. “ ‘Snug Li’l House with Flue and Oven’: Nineteenth-Century Reforms in Plantation Slave Housing.” In Gender, Class, and Shelter: Perspectives in Vernacular Architecture, V, edited by Elizabeth Collins Cromley and Carter L. Hudgins, 118–129. Knoxville: University of Tennessee Press, 1995.
- Vos, Jelmer, David Eltis, and David Richardson. “The Dutch in the Atlantic World: New Perspectives from the Slave Trade with Particular Reference to African Origins of the Traffic.” In Extending the Frontiers: Essay on the New Transatlantic Slave Trade Database, edited by David Eltis and David Richardson, 228–249. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2008.
- Vries, Jan de. “The Dutch Atlantic Economies.” In The Atlantic Economy during the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries: Organization, Operation, Practice, and Personnel, edited by Peter A. Coclanis, 1–29. Columbia: University of South Carolina Press, 2005.
- Wade, Melvin. “ ‘Shining in Borrowed Plumage’: Affirmation of Community in the Black Coronation Festivals of New England (c. 1750–c. 1850).” Western Folklore 40, no. 3 (July 1981): 211–231. https://
doi .org /10 .2307 /1499693. - Wagman, Morton. “Corporate Slavery in New Netherland.” Journal of Negro History 65, no. 1 (Winter 1980): 34–42. https://
doi .org /10 .2307 /3031546. - Waldstreicher, David. “Reading the Runaways: Self-Fashioning, Print Culture, and Confidence in Slavery in the Eighteenth-Century Mid-Atlantic.” William and Mary Quarterly 56, no. 2 (April 1999): 243–272. https://
doi .org /10 .2307 /2674119. - Wall, Diana diZerega. “Twenty Years After: Re-examining Archeological Collection for Evidence of New York City’s Colonial African Past.” Southeastern Archeology 18, no. 1 (Summer 1999): 57–68.
- Walsh, James P. “Holy Time and Sacred Space in Puritan New England,” American Quarterly 32, no. 1 (Spring 1980): 79–95. https://
doi .org /10 .2307 /2712497. - Warren, Wendy. New England Bound: Slavery and Colonization in Early America. New York: Liveright, 2016.
- Washington, Margaret. “ ‘From Motives of Delicacy’: Sexuality and Morality in the Narratives of Sojourner Truth and Harriet Jacobs.” Journal of African American History 92, no. 1 (Winter 2007): 57–73. https://
jstor .org /stable /20064154. - Washington, Margaret. Sojourner Truth’s America. Champaign: University of Illinois Press, 2009.
- Weisse, Arthur James. The History of the City of Albany, New York: From the Discovery of the Great River in 1524, by Verrazzano, to the Present Time. Albany: E. H. Bender, 1884.
- Welch, Kimberly M. Black Litigants in the Antebellum South. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2018.
- Welie, Rik van. “Patterns of Slave Trading and Slavery in the Dutch Colonial World, 1596–1863.” In Dutch Colonialism, Migration and Cultural Heritage, edited by Gert Oostindie, 155–259. Leiden: KITLV, 2008.
- Welie, Rik van. “Slave Trading and Slavery in the Dutch Colonial Empire: A Global Comparison.” New West Indian Guide/Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 82, nos. 1 & 2 (2008): 47–96. https://
doi .org /10 .1163 /13822373–90002465. - Wells, D. D. Cornelius L. Quarter Millennial Anniversary of the Reformed Dutch Church of Flatbush, New York (1904).
- Weslager, C. A. “The City of Amsterdam’s Colony on the Delaware, 1656–1664.” Delaware History 20 (1982): 1–25, 73–97.
- Weststeijn, Arthur. “Republican Empire: Colonialism, Commerce and Corruption in the Dutch Golden Age.” Renaissance Studies 26, no. 2 (September 2012): 491–509. https://
jstor .com /stable /24420170. - Wheeler, Walter Richard. “Magical Dwelling: Apotropaic Building Practices in the New World Dutch Cultural Hearth.” In Religion, Cults & Rituals in the Medieval Rural Environment, Ruralia XI, edited by C. Bis-Worch and C. Theune, 373–396. Leiden: Sidestone, 2017.
- Where Slavery Died Hard: The Forgotten History of Ulster County and the Shawangunk Mountain Region. DVD. Directed by Wendy Harris and Arnold Pickman. Cragsmoor Consultants, 2018.
- White, Shane. “ ‘It was a Proud Day’: African Americans, Festivals, and Parades in the North.” Journal of American History 81, no. 1 (June 1994): 13–50. https://
doi .org /10 .2307 /2080992. - White, Shane. “Pinkster: Afro-Dutch Syncretization in New York City and the Hudson Valley.” Journal of American Folklore 102, no. 403 (January–March 1989): 68–75. https://
doi .org /10 .2307 /540082. - White, Shane. Somewhat More Independent: The End of Slavery in New York City, 1770–1810. Athens: University of Georgia Press, 1991.
- Whitfield, Harvey Amani. North to Bondage: Loyalist Slavery in the Maritimes. Vancouver: UBC Press, 2016.
- Wilcoxen, Charlotte. Seventeenth Century Albany: A Dutch Profile. Albany: Education Dept., Albany Institute History and Art, 1984.
- Wilder, Craig Steven. A Covenant with Color: Race and Social Power in Brooklyn. New York: Columbia University Press, 2000.
- Wilder, Craig Steven. In the Company of Black Men: The African Influence on African American Culture in New York City. New York: New York University Press, 2001.
- Wilkie, Laurie. “Magic and Empowerment on the Plantation: An Archeological Consideration of African-American Worldview.” Southeastern Archeology 14, no. 2 (1995): 136–148.
- Wilkie, Laurie. “Secret and Sacred: Contextualizing the Artifacts of African-American Magic in Religion.” Historical Archeology 31, no. 4 (1997): 81–106.
- Wilkie, Laurie A. The Archeology of Mothering: An African-American Midwife’s Tale. New York: Routledge, 2003.
- Williams, James Homer. “Dutch Attitudes towards Indians, Africans, and Other Europeans in New Netherland, 1624–1664.” In Connecting Cultures: The Netherlands in Five Centuries of Transatlantic Exchange, edited by Rosemarijn Hoefte and Johanna Kardux, 23–43. Amsterdam: VU University Press, 1994.
- Williams, Oscar. African Americans and Colonial Legislation in the Middle Colonies. Milton Parks, UK: Routledge, 2014.
- Williams, Oscar. “Slavery in Albany, New York, 1624–1827.” Afro-Americans in New York Life and History 34, no. 2 (July 2010): 154–168.
- Williams-Myers, A. J. Long Hammering: Essays on the Forging of an African American Presence in the Hudson River Valley to the Early Twentieth. Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press, 1994.
- Williams-Myers, A. J. “Pinkster Carnival: Africanisms in the Hudson River Valley.” Afro-Americans in New York Life and History 9, no. 1 (1985): 7–17.
- Williams-Meyers, A. J. “Re-examining Slavery in New York.” New York Archives 1, no. 3 (Winter 2002): 15–18.
- Wingens, Marc. “De Pinksterkroon is Weer in ‘T Land, Hoezee! Het Pinksterkroon Feest in Deventer.” Volkscultuur 6, no. 2 (1989): 7–30.
- Woods, Lynn. “A Pastor’s Double Life Unearthed.” Hudson Valley online. Accessed June 6, 2019. https://
hudsonvalleyone .com /2013 /05 /05 /the -mystery -of -james -murphy /. - Worden, Nigel. “Space and Identity in VOC Cape Town.” Kronos 25 (1998–99): 72–87.
- Young, Jason R. Rituals of Resistance: African Atlantic Religion in Kongo and the Lowcountry South in the Era of Slavery. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University, 2007.
- Zabin, Serena R. Dangerous Economies: Status and Commerce in Imperial New York. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2009.
- Zelnick-Abramovitz, Rachel. Not Wholly Free: The Concept of Manumission and the Status of Manumitted Slaves in the Ancient Greek World. Boston: Brill, 2005.
- Zuesse, Evan M. “Perseverance and Transmutation in African Traditional Religions.” In African Traditional Religions In Contemporary Society, edited by Jacob K. Olupona, 167–184. New York: Paragon House, 1991.
- Zuidhoek, Arne. Zeerovers van de Gouden Eeuw. Bussum: De Boer, 1977.
- Zwieten, Adriana E. van. “The Orphan Chamber of New Amsterdam.” William and Mary Quarterly 53, no. 2 (April 1996): 319–340. https://
doi .org /10 .2307 /2947403.