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INDEX
- Page numbers followed by letter f refer to figures.
- Addison, Joseph: circulation narrative by, 27; Spectator, 113–14
- Adorno, Theodore, notion of das Krug, 54, 55
- Adventures of a Black Coat, The (Philips), 32
- Aeneid (Virgil), and Swift’s “A City Shower,” 117–18, 129
- affect: human, dog-protagonist’s ability to penetrate, 35; matter and, integration in circulation narrative, 29–34; new definition based on multiplicity and immeasurability, 43–44, 107; pets and alternative opportunities for experience of, 26–27. See also intimacy
- affective convergence, in circulation narrative, 32–34
- affective turn, as corollary to counterhuman imaginary, 10–11, 24
- affect theory, 10–11; counterhuman imaginary and, 17, 19; vs. history of emotion, 10n17; and lapdog lyric, 25
- agency/vitality of matter: Bennett on, 6, 67, 73, 86–87; in circulation narrative, 24, 27–29, 31–32; counterhuman imaginary and, 14, 19, 87; in Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe, 19–20, 52–53, 60–66, 107, 128, 131; human creativity and access to, 5–6, 85–87; idea of, 5–6; Newton on, 19–20, 28–29, 56–59, 128; in Pope’s Dunciad, 75–81, 85, 128; posthumanism on, 15; in Swift’s “A City Shower,” 128–29, 131; unique literary access to, 6–7, 16. See also thinking matter
- agential realism, 72
- Ahern, Stephen, 10–11
- alchemy, Newton’s study of, 57
- Althusser, Louis, 8, 14
- “Anecdote of the Jar” (Stevens), 55n21
- animal(s): changes in relationship with humans, eighteenth-century, 26; souls of, debate about, 37, 38n19. See also pet(s)
- Animal Claim, The (Menely), 2, 85–86
- animal-protagonist, in circulation narrative, 34–37
- Animals and Other People (Keenleyside), 2–3
- animal studies, literary, 1–3, 16; counterhuman imaginary and, 17; on human agency, role of, 85–86; Pope’s Dunciad and, 87
- Anker, Elizabeth S., 13–14
- antihumanism, 15
- apocalypse: earthquake poetry and visions of, 91–92, 98, 103, 106; in Pope’s Dunciad, 21, 80, 87. See also chaos
- Aristotle, Meteorologics, 98
- assemblage(s): affective, 11; in Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe, 50, 63–66; in Defoe’s Storm, 124; in earthquake poetry, 102–4; Heidegger’s das Krug and, 54; in Pope’s Dunciad, 20, 72, 74, 81–85, 104; in Swift’s “A City Shower,” 123, 128. See also multiplicity
- atomism: notions of discontinuity, multiplicity, and contingency in, 124, 125; and Pope’s Dunciad, 74–75; relevance to modern thought, 73–74
- Baird, Ileana, 48
- Barad, Karen, 72
- Baxter, Andrew, 59
- benevolence of providence: Pope’s assertion of, 99; Voltaire’s refutation of, 100–101, 108
- Bennett, Jane: on thing-power, 48, 86–87; Vibrant Matter, 6, 67, 73, 86–87
- Bergson, Henri, 73
- Berkeley, George, 59
- Best, Stephen, 133
- Biddulph, John, Poem on the Earthquake at Lisbon, 92, 96, 102, 103–5
- biopolitics, 4–5
- blazon anatomique, 39
- Bloch, Ernst, notion of das Krug, 54, 55
- book(s): materialization of humans into, in Pope’s Dunciad, 78–79. See also literature
- boundary-crossing, counterhuman, 14, 29–30, 36. See also cross-species inclusivity
- Boyer, Abel, 77
- Braidotti, Rosi, 14, 15
- Braun, Theodore E. D., 93
- Breval, John, 78
- Brown, Bill, 12–13, 53–54
- Brown, George, 79
- Brown, Thomas, “On a Lap-Dog,” 41
- Buescu, Helena Carvalhāo, 97, 98
- Buffon, Georges-Louis Leclerc, Comte de, 98
- Burnet, Bishop, 115
- Candide; or, Optimism (Voltaire), 100–101
- capitalism, development of: and circulation narrative, 25–26; Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe on, 50–52, 61–62; Pope’s Dunciad on, 88
- Carey, Henry, “The Rival Lap-Dog,” 42
- Castoriadis, Cornelius, 8–9, 14, 87, 132
- Centlivre, Susanna, 77
- chaos: counterhuman and, 19, 20–21; in earthquake poetry, 20, 107–9; in physics, 73–74, 124–25; in Pope’s Dunciad, 20–21, 74, 81–85, 87, 88, 104, 107, 108, 109. See also multiplicity
- Cheyne, George, 59
- Chico, Tita, 66
- Chrystal; or, The Adventures of a Guinea (Johnstone), 29–32
- Cibber, Colley, 71
- circulation, as defining quality of things, 48
- circulation narrative(s), 23–24, 25–26; affective convergence of other-than-human and human in, 32–34; animal-protagonist in, 34–37; contemporary discussions of species difference and, 37–38; cross-species intimacy in, 33, 37, 38–39; as experiment in materialist form, 43; integration of matter and affect in, 29–32; and lapdog lyric, contiguity between, 23–24, 26, 34–35, 38, 39, 43; multiplicity in, 107; new materialism and, 25; Newton’s theory of gravitation and, 28–29; radical interrelationality in, 11, 19, 131–32; thing-protagonist in, 19, 24–25, 27–34
- “City Shower, A” (Swift), 21, 116–17; experience of counterhuman interrelationality in, 123; force/vitality in, 128–29, 131; human assertion of authority in, 111, 112; Virgil’s Aeneid and, 117–18, 129; voice of the storm in, 129; weather used to understand human being in, 113
- Clarke, Richard, “On an Earthquake,” 103, 106
- Clarke, Samuel, 59
- Clayton, Robert, 59
- climate: counterhuman experience of, 127–28; human character traits associated with, 113–15; impossibility of human representation of, evocation of, 21, 120, 121–23, 126, 127–28. See also environmental events; weather
- Climate and the Making of Worlds (Menely), 5, 133
- climate change, and symptomatic reading practices, 133
- coin: as protagonist of circulation narrative, 27–32, 34–35. See also specie
- Collins, Anthony, 59
- commonality, imputed: and claims for human access to other-than-human, 1–2, 7. See also cross-species inclusivity
- Conrad, Joseph, 134
- consumer society, and circulation narrative, 25–26
- Coole, Diana, 7, 48, 72n2
- Copeland, Marion W., 1–2, 7
- cosmological criticism, proposal for, 5, 134
- Coubert, Gustave, Femme nue au chien, 22f
- counterhuman imaginary: affective turn as corollary to, 10–11, 24; and affect theory, 17, 19; and agency/vitality of matter, 14, 19, 87; concept of, 7–9; cosmological criticism and, 5, 135; cultural imaginary and, 17–18, 87, 130, 131–32; embedded in human creativity, 12–13, 21; environmental and geological events and, 16, 18; and intimacy, reimagining of, 18–19, 44; and literary criticism, 14; and literary innovation, 9–11, 17–21, 23, 24, 27, 67, 131–32; methodology for analysis of, Pope’s Dunciad and, 20, 88–89; multiplicity as feature of, 19, 20, 107, 109; and posthuman perspectives, 16–17, 18; relationality/interrelationality associated with, 7, 18
- Coventry, Francis, The History of Pompey the Little, or the Life and Adventures of a Lapdog, 34, 35–37
- Crébillon, Claude, The Sopha, 32
- critique: as genre, 13. See also literary criticism
- cross-species inclusivity: counterhuman imaginary and, 14; storytelling and, 1–2, 7
- cross-species intimacy: in circulation narratives, 33, 37, 38–39; dogs and, 26–27; in lapdog lyric, 19, 39–43; and new definition of affect, 43–44, 107; new forms of, eighteenth-century developments and, 26; representation in art, 22f
- Culler, Jonathan, 14
- cultural imaginary: Althusserian/Castoriadian theory of, 8–9, 14; climate presented by, 129–30; counterhuman permeating, literary works and, 17–18, 87, 130, 131–32; earthquake presented by, 98, 106–7; and human representation of other-than-human, 7–9, 14, 16; and symptomatic reading, 132
- “Debris” (Bennett), 86–87
- Defoe, Benjamin Norton, 77–78
- Defoe, Daniel: on agency of matter, 19–20; iconic materialist vision of, 55. See also Robinson Crusoe; Storm, The
- Deleuze, Gilles, 73
- Dennis, John, 78
- Descartes, René, 38, 59
- “Description of a City Shower, A” (Swift). See “City Shower, A” (Swift)
- disaster discourse: tropes of, 20, 96–98, 100, 102, 106–7. See also earthquake(s)
- dog(s): intimacy associated with, 26–27; as protagonist of circulation narrative, 34–37. See also lapdog lyric
- Dolphijn, Rick, 6, 7
- Donne, John, “The Flea,” 39
- Douglas, Aileen, 25
- Drake, David, Jar, 46f
- Drew, Erin, 3–4
- Duffy, Edna, 5, 133–34
- Dulness, in Pope’s Dunciad: chaos associated with, 81; collections of books associated with, 79; force of, 77, 79–81, 128; as parodic manifestation of Britannia, 88
- Dunciad, The (Pope), 71–89; atomism and, 74–75; chaos in, 20–21, 81–85, 87, 88, 104, 107, 108, 109; counterhuman imaginary and, 21, 74–75, 85; earthquake poetry compared to, 102, 104, 108–9; engagement with human creativity in, 71–72; force inherent in matter in, representation of, 75–81, 85, 128; gravitational force explored in, 20, 75–77, 79, 80, 85, 88; illustration from, 70f; on institutions of modern capitalism, 88; and methodology for analysis of counterhuman imaginary, 20, 88–89; multiplicity in, 104, 107; nonhierarchic, antianthropocentric relationality in, 81–85, 87, 107, 124; other-than-human realms in, 20, 72, 87; other-than-human vitality in, 131; “uncreating” activity of, implications of, 21, 87
- earthquake(s): Aristotelian pneumatic theory of, 98; connection with apocalypse, 91–92, 98, 103, 106; conventional images in writing about, 96–98; human cultural imaginary on, 98, 106–7; in London (1750), 95; as other-than-human geologic event, 107; scientific explanation of, eighteenth-century, 98–99. See also Lisbon earthquake of 1755
- ecocriticism, 1, 3–5; counterhuman imaginary and, 17
- economics/economic forces: in circulation narrative, 24–29, 31–32; counterhuman imaginary and, 67; Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe as reflection on, 50–52, 61–62; Pope’s Dunciad as reflection on, 88
- Ellenzweig, Sarah, 86
- empirical scientific method, counterhuman imaginary and, 67
- energy: in Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe, 60–66, 107; of exchange, specie and, 24, 27–28; in Newton’s representations of matter, 56; of other-than-human, 19; in Pope’s Dunciad, 76, 79. See also agency/vitality; force(s)
- English literature, eighteenth-century: conventional understanding of, 18; innovation in, counterhuman imaginary and, 9–11, 17–21, 23, 24, 27, 67, 131–32. See also specific authors and titles
- Enlightenment thought: impact of Lisbon earthquake on, 99–102; materialism in, 38
- enumeration, tropes of: in depiction of nature/storms, 116, 126–27; in earthquake poetry, 102–4. See also multiplicity
- environmental criticism, 3–5, 16
- environmental events: and advances in science, 98, 119; divine power associated with, 122; self-organizing efficacy of, 16. See also storm(s)
- environmental events/forces, representation in literature, 3–5; human assertions of authority in, 111–12; impossibility of description evoked in, 21, 120, 121–23, 126, 127–28; other-than-human uncertainty in, 112–13; in Pope’s Dunciad, 79–80; tropes of enumeration used in, 116, 126–27; in Voltaire’s Candide, 100. See also “A City Shower” (Swift); The Storm (Defoe)
- “Episode Taken from a Poem on the Earthquake at Lisbon, An” (Kett), 96–97
- “Epitaph upon my Lady M—-’s Lapdog, An,” 40
- Essay concerning Human Understanding (Locke), 28
- Essay on Man, The (Pope), 75, 99
- exchange: economic, circulation narrative and, 24, 27–29, 31–32; proposal for, in lapdog lyric, 41
- exchangeability, as defining quality of things, 48
- experiential learning/reasoning: Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe and, 50, 60; Newton and, 59
- experimental imagination, study of, 66
- experimental method: in Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe, 63, 66; Newton’s commitment to, 59–60, 66
- Falconer, William, 114
- Felski, Rita, 13–14, 133
- Ferrando, Francesca, 15–16
- Festa, Lynn, 11–12, 65
- Fiction without Humanity (Festa), 11–12
- Fielding, Henry, 52
- Finch, Anne, “Upon the Hurricane,” 122n22, 127
- “Flea, The” (Donne), 39
- force(s), of matter: in Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe, 19–20, 52–53, 60–62, 64–66, 107, 128; new materialism on, 48; Newton on, 19, 28–29, 56–59, 128; in Pope’s Dunciad, 75–81, 85, 128; in Swift’s “A City Shower,” 128–29. See also agency/vitality of matter; gravitation/gravitational force
- Frost, Samantha, 7, 48, 72n2
- geohistorical contradiction, 5, 135
- geohistorical criticism, 1, 3–5, 16
- geohistorical poetics, 133
- geologic events/forces: and counterhuman imaginary, 16, 18; and Pope’s Dunciad, 79–80; representation in literature, 3–4, 20; self-organizing efficacy of, 16; and Voltaire’s Candide, 100, 101. See also earthquake(s)
- Gildon, Charles, 28–29
- Golden Spy, The (Gildon), 28–29
- gravitation/gravitational force: circulation narrative and engagement with, 28–29; Newton’s conceptualization of, 19, 28, 49, 55, 56–59; Pope’s Dunciad and engagement with, 20, 75–77, 79, 80, 85, 88
- great storm of 1703, 18; and advances in meteorology, 98, 119. See also Storm, The (Defoe)
- Grusin, Richard, 6
- Hamblyn, Richard, 119
- Hartley, David, 59
- Heidegger, Martin, notion of das Krug, 53–54, 55, 63, 65
- Hewitt, John, “Upon Cælia’s having a little Dog in her Lap,” 42
- History and Adventures of a Lady’s Slippers and Shoes, The, 32
- History and description of the most remarkable events relative to the earthquake that shook a great part of the earth at the end of the year 1755 (Kant), 98
- History of Pompey the Little, or the Life and Adventures of a Lapdog, The (Coventry), 34, 35–37; and link to lapdog lyric, 38–39
- Homer, Pope’s Dunciad and, 71
- Hultquist, Aleksondra, 10n17
- human creativity: counterhuman imaginary embedded in, 12–13, 21; intrusion of other-than-human and, 21, 131–32; and vitality of matter, access to, 5–6, 85–87
- humanitarianism, rise of, 38
- Hume, David: engagement with Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe, 50; “Of National Characters,” 114; in theological debate on powers of matter, 59
- Hymns occasioned by the Earthquake (Wesley), 91, 94, 95, 105–6
- hyperhumanism, 15
- ideology, Althusserian notion of, 8
- individualist protagonist, primacy in eighteenth-century English literature, 18
- innovation, literary: in circulation narrative and lapdog lyric, 38–39, 43–44; counterhuman imaginary and, 9–11, 17–21, 23, 24, 27, 67, 131–32
- interrelationality. See relationality/interrelationality
- intimacy: counterhuman imaginary and reimagining of ideas about, 18–19, 44. See also cross-species intimacy
- intuitive knowledge, thing-protagonist and, 30, 32
- Ionescu, Christina, 48
- irony: in lapdog lyric, 39. See also satire
- it-narratives, 23, 48. See also circulation narrative(s)
- Jameson, Fredric, 5, 132, 133–34
- jar/pot: in art, 46f; in Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe, 52–53, 53n16, 63–64, 66; as form of knowledge and imagination, 68; Heidegger’s conceptualization of, 53–54, 55, 63, 65; as heuristic for modernity’s theorization of materialism, 54–55; in poetry, 55n21
- Johnstone, Charles, Chrystal; or, The Adventures of a Guinea, 29–32
- journalism, modern, Defoe’s Storm as pioneering work of, 118–19
- just beyond, methodological challenge of, approaches to, 132–34
- Kant, Immanuel, History and description of the most remarkable events relative to the earthquake that shook a great part of the earth at the end of the year 1755, 98
- Keenleyside, Heather, 2–3, 85
- Kett, Henry, “An Episode Taken from a Poem on the Earthquake at Lisbon,” 96–97
- Kinsley, William, 75
- knowledge, intuitive, thing-protagonist and, 30, 32
- das Krug, Heidegger’s conceptualization of, 53–54, 55, 63, 65
- labor theory of value, Robinson Crusoe and conceptualization of, 51
- Lamb, Jonathan, The Things Things Say, 47–48
- “Lap-Dog, The” (Thompson), 40, 41
- lapdog lyric, 23–24, 38–43; affect theory and, 25; and circulation narrative, contiguity between, 23–24, 26, 34–35, 38, 39, 43; cross-species intimacy in, 19, 39–43; female sexuality evoked in, 39–43; historical transformations and, 26; irony and satire in, 39; multiplicity in, 107; ontological instability generated by, 39, 41–42; problematic of, 39; radical interrelationality in, 11, 19, 131–32; transposition/transformation as theme of, 41–43
- Latour, Bruno, 73
- Law, William, 77
- Le Bas, Jacques-Philippe, illustration of Lisbon earthquake, 90f
- Lettre à M. de Voltaire (Rousseau), 101–2
- libraries, modern, Pope’s Dunciad on, 78–79
- Lisbon earthquake of 1755, 92, 93; historical events coinciding with, 94; in human cultural imaginary, 98, 106–7; illustration of, 90f; impact on Enlightenment thought, 99–102; impact on science, 98–99; as other-than-human geological event, 107; scientific, literary, and philosophical reactions to, 93–94; seen as act of divine retribution, 94–95; Voltaire’s description of, 100–101
- Lisbon earthquake of 1755, poetry of, 20, 91–92, 94–98, 100, 102–9; and counterhuman literary explication (counterhuman oxymoron), 20, 92, 104–9; enumeration/multiplicity in, 20, 102–4, 107, 124; other-than-human vitality in, 131; Pope’s Dunciad compared to, 102, 104, 108–9; singularity in, 104–6; tropes of disaster discourse used in, 20, 96–98, 100, 102, 106–7
- literary animal studies, 1–3, 16; counterhuman imaginary and, 17; on human agency, role of, 85–86; Pope’s Dunciad and, 87
- literary criticism: counterhuman imaginary and, 14; mobilization of matter for, Robinson Crusoe as model for, 67; on things, 47–48. See also new materialism
- literature: innovation in, counterhuman imaginary and, 9–11, 17–21, 23, 24, 27, 67, 131–32; and materialism, mutually constitutive roles of, 66; representation of other-than-human in, 1–7, 17–21; and science, bridging in eighteenth century, 66–68; and vitality of matter, unique access to, 6–7, 16. See also specific authors and titles
- Liu, Lydia H., 53n16
- Locke, John: and Enlightenment materialism, 38; Essay concerning Human Understanding, 28; ideas of matter, 36, 58
- London, earthquake of 1750 in, 95
- Lucrecius, atomism of, relevance to modern thought, 73–74
- Luther, Martin, 61
- Mandeville, Bernard, 77
- Marcus, Sharon, 133
- Markeley, Robert, 119, 122
- Marques, José O. A., 101–2
- Martian, The (film), 50
- Marx, Karl, engagement with Robinson Crusoe, 50, 51
- Massumi, Brian, 10
- materialism: jar/pot as heuristic for modernity’s engagement with, 54–55; literature and, mutually constitutive roles of, 66; vital, 73. See also new materialism
- matter: and affect, integration in circulation narratives, 29–34; counterhuman redefinition of, in Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe, 50–55; imaginative engagement with, Robinson Crusoe as turning point in, 47, 49–50, 63–64; intrinsic vitality of, idea of, 5–6; Locke’s ideas of, 36, 58; Newton and reshaping of conception of, 49–50, 55–56, 75–76; powers of, debates on, 55, 59; self-organizing force of, posthumanism on, 15. See also agency/vitality of matter; force(s), of matter; thing(s); thinking matter
- McMullin, Ernan, 55–56, 57, 59, 75
- Mears, William, 79
- Medovoi, Leerom, 4–5
- Memoirs and Interesting Adventures of an Embroidered Waistcoat, The, 32
- Menely, Tobias: The Animal Claim, 2, 85–86; on animal voice, 2, 7; Climate and the Making of Worlds, 5, 133, 134
- metahumanism, 15
- meta-paradox, in human claim to access other-than-human, 5, 9, 12–13
- Meteorologics (Aristotle), 98
- meteorology, great storm of 1703 and advances in, 98, 119
- method/methodology: for analysis of counterhuman imaginary, Pope’s Dunciad and, 20, 88–89; experimental, in Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe, 63, 66; experimental, Newton’s commitment to, 59–60, 66
- Morgan, Thomas, 77
- Motteux, Pierre, 77
- movement/motion: as defining quality of things, 48; Newton’s laws of, ambiguity in, 56. See also turbulence
- multiplicity: and affect, new definition of, 43–44, 107; counterhuman and, 19, 20, 107, 109; in Defoe’s Storm, 124; in earthquake poetry, 20, 102–4, 107, 124; in Finch’s “Upon the Hurricane,” 127; in Pope’s Dunciad, 104, 107, 109; in Swift’s “A City Shower,” 123. See also assemblage(s); singularity, juxtaposed with multiplicity
- nature: representation in literature, 3–5; romantic movement and representations of, 115–16. See also environmental events
- new materialism, 1, 5–7, 16, 47–48; counterhuman imaginary and, 17; Defoe’s iconic materialist vision and, 55; jar/pot in theorization of, 53–54; and new forms of political action and engagement, 86; Newtonian physics and, 67; Pope’s Dunciad and, 87; quantum physics concepts and, 72; and reconceptualization of relationality, 72–73; Robinson Crusoe’s model and, 67; on transformative potential of actant thing, 25
- Newton, Isaac: on agency/forces of matter, 19, 28–29, 56–59, 128; and circulation narrative, 28–29; and conception of matter, reshaping of, 49–50, 55–56, 75–76; and Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe, 60; on divine omnipotence, 122; and experimental method, 59–60, 66; and Gildon’s The Golden Spy, 28–29; and inherent powers of matter, debate about, 55; laws of motion, ambiguity in, 56; and new materialism, 67; and Pope’s Dunciad, 75–77, 79, 80; study of alchemy, 57. See also Optics
- Nonhuman Turn, The (Grusin), 6
- Nostromo (Conrad), 134
- novel, rise of, 18
- objects. See thing(s)
- “Of National Characters” (Hume), 114
- omission, revised methodological attention to, 133, 134
- “On a Lap-Dog” (Brown), 41
- “On an Earthquake” (Clarke), 103, 106
- “On the Death of a Lap-Dog” (Smedley), 40
- ontological instability, lapdog lyric and, 39, 41–42
- Optics (Newton), “Queries” to: on agency/forces of matter, 19, 28–29, 57; on experimental method, 59; as turning point in modern encounter with matter, 47, 49–50
- other-than-human: affective convergence with human, in circulation narrative, 32–34; cultural imaginary and human representation of, 7–9, 14; disruptive forces within human cultural imaginary, 17–18; energy/force of, 19; and human creativity, 21, 131–32; meta-paradox in human claim to access, 5, 9, 12–13; ontological instability generated by, 39, 41–42; in Pope’s Dunciad, 72; as protagonist, 23; representation in literature, 1–7, 17–21; unique literary access to, suggestions of, 6–7, 16. See also animal(s); matter; thing(s)
- Other Things (Brown), 12
- oxymoron, counterhuman, 92, 104–6, 107–9. See also singularity, juxtaposed with multiplicity
- pet(s): as protagonist in circulation narrative, 34–37; rise in eighteenth century, 26. See also dog(s)
- Philips, Edward, The Adventures of a Black Coat, 32
- physics: counterhuman imaginary and, 67; as model for rejection of traditional subject/object rationales, 72; persistence of notions of discontinuity, multiplicity, and contingency in, 73–74, 124–25; relevance of ancient atomism to, 73–74. See also Newton, Isaac; quantum physics
- Poem on the Earthquake at Lisbon (Biddulph), 92, 96, 102, 103–5
- “Poem on the Late Earthquake at Lisbon, A,” 94–95, 97, 103
- “Poem on the Lisbon Disaster: an Inquiry into the Maxim, ‘Whatever is, is Right’“ (Voltaire), 99–100, 107–9; Rousseau’s response to, 101–2
- poetry: on experience of environmental transformation, 4; reader grasped by, 14. See also Lisbon earthquake of 1755, poetry of
- Poirier, Jean-Paul, 93, 98
- Political Unconscious (Jameson), 5
- Pope, Alexander: The Essay on Man, 75, 99; Rape of the Lock, 40. See also Dunciad, The
- Post-Chaise, Le, 32
- postcritique, 13–14, 133
- posthumanism, 14–16; counterhuman imaginary and, 16–17, 18
- pot. See jar/pot
- Price, Richard, 59
- Priestley, Joseph, 59
- printing industry, Pope’s Dunciad as reflection on rise of, 78–79
- protagonist(s): in circulation narratives, 19, 24–25, 27–37; individualist, primacy in eighteenth-century English literature, 18; other-than-human as, 23
- Protestantism, Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe on, 61
- Radner, John B., 93
- Rape of the Lock (Pope), 40
- rationalizing theology, 37
- reading: reparative, 14; surface, 14; symptomatic, 132–34
- realism: agential, 72; counterhuman imaginary and, 68
- Reformation, struggles and debates around, 94
- relationality/interrelationality: affect theory on, 10–11; in circulation narrative and lapdog lyric, 11, 19, 32–34, 131–32; counterhuman imaginary and, 7, 18; in Defoe’s Storm, 124; new materialism and reconceptualization of, 72–73; in Pope’s Dunciad, 81–85, 87, 107, 124; in Swift’s “A City Shower,” 123. See also assemblage(s); cross-species intimacy
- Remarks on the Influence of Climate … [on] Mankind (Falconer), 114
- reparative reading, 14
- Richardson, Samuel, 52
- “Rival Lap-Dog, The” (Carey), 42
- Rival Lapdog and the Tale, The, 41
- robinsonade: label of, 50; scope of, 53
- Robinson Crusoe (Defoe), 49–55; agency/vitality of matter in, 19–20, 52–53, 60–66, 107, 128, 131; counterhuman redefinition of matter in, 50–55; and economics, reflection on, 50–52, 61–62; engagement with Newtonian notions of gravitation, 75; as experiment in representation of force, 60–62; jar/pot in, 52–53, 53n16, 63–64, 66; Lisbon earthquake poetry compared to, 102; as model for mobilization of matter for literary critique, 67; Newton’s representation of matter compared to, 60; as turning point in modern encounter with matter, 47, 49–50, 63–64; Watt on, 51–52; Woolf on, 52–53
- Robinson Crusoe Economy (RCE), 51
- romantic movement, and representations of nature, 115–16
- Rose, Nikolas S., 73
- Ross, William, 74, 125
- Rousseau, Jean-Jacques, Lettre à M. de Voltaire, 101–2
- satire: in lapdog lyric, 39; in Pope’s Dunciad, 71, 88; in Voltaire’s writings, 100
- Schmidgen, Wolfgang, 35
- Schnabel, Johann Gottfried, 50
- Schofield, Robert E., 56
- science: environmental events and advances in, 98, 119; and literature, bridging in eighteenth century, 66–68; posthumanism in, 15; redefinition of material world and, 50. See also physics
- Seasons, The (Thomson), 115–16
- Secret History of an old Shoe, The, 32
- Sedan, The, 32–34
- Serres, Michel, 73–74, 124–25
- Settee, The, 32
- sexuality, lapdog lyric and evocation of, 39–43
- Simmel, Georg, on das Krug, 54
- singularity, juxtaposed with multiplicity: in Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe, 63; in earthquake poetry, 20, 92, 104–9; in Pope’s Dunciad, 87–88
- Smedley, Jonathan, “On the Death of a Lap-Dog,” 40
- Smith, Adam, engagement with Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe, 50
- Smith, Courtney Weiss, 127
- Sopha, The (Crébillon), 32
- specie: agency/efficacy of, 28, 29; energy and vitality associated with, 24; and human affect, 29–32; as material concretization of economic exchange, 29, 32; as protagonist of circulation narrative, 27–32, 34–35; and species, conjunction between imaginative engagement with, 34–35, 37
- species: boundaries between, radical overwriting of, 14; difference among, contemporary engagement with ideas about, 37–38; in lapdog lyric, 24; and specie, conjunction between imaginative engagement with, 34–35, 37. See also cross-species inclusivity; cross-species intimacy
- Spectator (Addison), 113–14
- spectrum, notion of, 7
- Spinoza, vitalism of, 73
- Stage-Coach, The, 32
- Steele, Richard, 116
- Stevens, Wallace, “Anecdote of the Jar,” 55n21
- storm(s): of 1703, and advances in meteorology, 98, 119; in Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe, 62–63; enumeration in depiction of, 116, 126–27; representation in art, 110f; representation in literature, 115–16, 125–27; in Virgil’s Aeneid, 117. See also “City Shower, A” (Swift); Storm, The (Defoe)
- Storm, The (Defoe), 21, 118–23; counterhuman interrelationality in, 124; enumeration/assemblages in, 125–27; evocation of impossibility of description in, 21, 120, 121–23, 126, 127–28; historical and contextual section in, 119; human assertions of authority in, 111, 112; other-than-human vitality in, 131; personal account in, 120; as pioneering work of modern journalism, 118–19; voice of the storm in, 129
- storytelling: and cross-species inclusivity, 1–2, 7. See also literature
- suffusion, of human into other-than-human, in circulation narrative and lapdog lyric, 11, 19, 25, 30, 34
- surface reading, claims for, 14
- Swift, Jonathan. See “A City Shower”
- symbolism, other-than-human and capacity for, 7
- symptomatic reading, 132; other-than-human vitality and, 132–34
- Tague, Ingrid H., 38n19
- Tatler, The (journal), 27, 116
- temporality, human, challenges to: circulation narrative and, 31; Defoe’s writings and, 49, 118; earthquake poetry and, 106; Newton’s discourse and, 49
- Thacker, Christopher, 115
- thin description, 14
- thing(s): attentiveness to, literature and, 6; energy/vitality of, in Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe, 19–20, 52–53, 60–66, 107, 128; exchangeability as defining quality of, 48; human beings materializing into, in Pope’s Dunciad, 77–79; jar/pot as icon for completeness of, 53–54; literary criticism on, 47–48; narrative engagement with, in Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe, 63–64; new materialist critique on, 67; Newtonian context and, 60; nonhierarchic/antianthropocentric relationality of, in Pope’s Dunciad, 81–85. See also assemblage(s)
- thing-power, 48, 73, 86–87
- thing-protagonist(s): ability to access human affect, 29–33; in circulation narrative, 19, 24–25, 27–34; in it-narrative, 48
- things-in-themselves, 12
- Things Things Say, The (Lamb), 47–48
- thinking matter: circulation narrative’s engagement with, 28–29; eighteenth-century speculations regarding, 28; Locke on, 58
- Thomas, Keith, 26
- Thompson, Isaac, “The Lap-Dog,” 40, 41
- Thompson, John B., 8
- Thomson, James, The Seasons, 115–16
- transhumanism, 15
- transposition/transformation: embodied affect and, 44; as theme of lapdog lyric, 41–43
- Travels of Mons. Le Post-Chaise, 32
- turbulence: counterhuman imaginary and, 14, 89; in Defoe’s Storm, 124; in Pope’s Dunciad, 20, 82, 88–89; in Swift’s “A City Shower,” 123
- Turk, Michael H., 68
- van der Tuin, Iris, 6, 7
- Vibrant Matter (Bennett), 6, 67, 73, 86–87
- Virgil: Pope’s Dunciad mocking, 71; and Swift’s “A City Shower,” 117
- vitality of matter. See agency/vitality of matter
- vital materialism, 73
- voice: animal, 2, 7, 85–86; of storm, 129
- volcanoes, association with earthquakes, 98
- Voltaire: Candide; or, Optimism, 100–101; debate with Rousseau, 101–2; “Poem on the Lisbon Disaster: an Inquiry into the Maxim, ‘Whatever is, is Right,’” 99–100, 107–9
- Voyages, Dangerous Adventures, and Imminent Escapes of Captain Richard Falconer, 50
- Wallace, Elizabeth Kowaleski, 75
- Watt, Ian, 51–52
- Watts, Isaac, 59
- weather: modern science of, 98, 119; representation in art, 110f; representation in literature, 113–16, 125–27. See also climate; storm(s)
- Webb, David, 74, 125
- Weber, Christopher, 96, 97
- Weber, Harold, 78, 79
- Wesley, Charles, Hymns occasioned by the Earthquake, 91, 94, 95, 105–6
- Wilson, Milton, 60n36
- Woolf, Virginia, 52–53, 54, 55
- Zammito, John, 86